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18 Then Gideon said, “Zebah and Zalmunna, tell me about the men you killed at Tabor.”

“They were a lot like you,” the two kings answered. “They were dignified, almost like royalty.”

19 “They were my very own brothers!” Gideon said. “I swear by the living Lord that if you had let them live, I would let you live.”

20 Gideon turned to Jether, his oldest son. “Kill them!” Gideon said.

But Jether was young,[a] and he was too afraid to even pull out his sword.

21 “What's the matter, Gideon?” Zebah and Zalmunna asked. “Do it yourself, if you're not too much of a coward!”

Gideon jumped up and killed them both. Then he took the gold ornaments from the necks of their camels.

The Israelites Ask Gideon To Be Their King

22 After the battle with the Midianites, the Israelites said, “Gideon, you rescued us! Now we want you to be our king. Then after your death, your son and then your grandson will rule.”

23 “No,” Gideon replied, “I won't be your king, and my son won't be king either. Only the Lord is your ruler. 24 But I will ask you to do one thing: Give me all the earrings you took from the enemy.”

The enemy soldiers had been Ishmaelites,[b] and they wore gold earrings.

25 The Israelite soldiers replied, “Of course we will give you the earrings.” Then they spread out a robe on the ground and tossed the earrings on it. 26 The total weight of this gold was nearly 20 kilograms. In addition, there was the gold from the camels' ornaments and from the beautiful jewelry worn by the Midianite kings. Gideon also took their purple robes.

27-29 Gideon returned to his home in Ophrah and had the gold made into a statue, which the Israelites soon started worshiping. They were unfaithful to God, and even Gideon and his family were trapped into worshiping the statue.[c]

The Midianites had been defeated so badly that they were no longer strong enough to attack Israel. And so Israel was at peace for the remaining 40 years of Gideon's life.

Gideon Dies

30 Gideon had many wives and 70 sons. 31 He even had a wife[d] who lived at Shechem.[e] They had a son, and Gideon named him Abimelech.

32 Gideon lived to be an old man. And when he died, he was buried in the family tomb in his hometown of Ophrah, which belonged to the Abiezer clan.

33 Soon after Gideon's death, the Israelites turned their backs on God again. They set up idols of Baal and worshiped Baal Berith[f] as their god. 34 The Israelites forgot that the Lord was their God, and that he had rescued them from the enemies who lived around them. 35 Besides all that, the Israelites were unkind to Gideon's family, even though Gideon had done so much for Israel.

Abimelech Tries To Be King

Abimelech the son of Gideon[g] went to Shechem. While there, he met with his mother's relatives and told them to say to the leaders of Shechem, “Do you think it would be good to have all 70 of Gideon's sons ruling us? Wouldn't you rather have just one man be king? Abimelech would make a good king, and he's related to us.”

Abimelech's uncles talked it over with the leaders of Shechem who agreed, “Yes, it would be better for one of our relatives to be king.” Then they gave Abimelech 70 pieces[h] of silver from the temple of their god Baal Berith.[i]

Abimelech used the silver to hire a gang of rough soldiers who would do anything for money. Abimelech and his soldiers went to his father's home in Ophrah and brought out Gideon's other sons to a large rock, where they murdered all 70 of them. Gideon's youngest son Jotham hid from the soldiers, but he was the only one who escaped.

The leaders of Shechem, including the priests and the military officers,[j] met at the tree next to the sacred rock[k] in Shechem to crown Abimelech king. Jotham heard what they were doing. So he climbed to the top of Mount Gerizim and shouted down to the people who were there at the meeting:

Leaders of Shechem,
    listen to me,
and maybe God
    will listen to you.

Once the trees searched
    for someone to be king;
they asked the olive tree,
    “Will you be our king?”
But the olive tree replied,
“My oil brings honor
    to people and gods.
I won't stop making oil,
just so my branches can wave
    above the other trees.”

10 Then they asked the fig tree,
    “Will you be our king?”
11 But the fig tree replied,
“I won't stop growing
    my delicious fruit,
just so my branches can wave
    above the other trees.”

12 Next they asked the grape vine,
    “Will you be our king?”
13 But the grape vine replied,
“My wine brings cheer
    to people and gods.
I won't stop making wine,
just so my branches can wave
    above the other trees.”

14 Finally, they went
to the thornbush and asked,
    “Will you be our king?”
15 The thornbush replied,
“If you really want me
    to be your king,
then come into my shade
    and I will protect you.
But if you're deceiving me,
    I'll start a fire
that will spread out and destroy
    the cedars of Lebanon.”[l]

After Jotham had finished telling this story, he said:

16-18 My father Gideon risked his life for you when he fought to rescue you from the Midianites. Did you reward Gideon by being kind to his family? No, you did not! You attacked his family and killed all 70 of his sons on that rock.

And was it right to make Abimelech your king? He's merely the son of my father's slave girl.[m] But just because he's your relative, you made him king of Shechem.

19 So, you leaders of Shechem, if you treated Gideon and his family the way you should have, then I hope you and Abimelech will make each other very happy. 20 But if it was wrong to treat Gideon and his family the way you did, then I pray that Abimelech will destroy you with fire, and I pray that you will do the same to him.

21 Jotham ran off and went to live in the town of Beer, where he could be safe from his brother Abimelech.

Footnotes

  1. 8.20 young: Gideon wanted to insult the kings by having a young boy kill them.
  2. 8.24 Ishmaelites: According to Genesis 25.1,2, 12, both Ishmaelites and Midianites were descendants of Abraham. It is possible that in this passage “Ishmaelites” has the meaning “nomadic traders,” while “Midianites” (verses 22,26-29) refers to their ethnic origin.
  3. 8.27-29 statue … statue: Or “sacred priestly vest … vest.”
  4. 8.31 wife: This translates a Hebrew word for a woman who was legally bound to a man, but without the full privileges of a wife.
  5. 8.31 who lived at Shechem: Sometimes marriages were arranged so that the wife lived with her parents, and the husband visited her from time to time.
  6. 8.33 Baal Berith: Or “Baal of the Agreement” or “the Lord of the Agreement.”
  7. 9.1 Gideon: The Hebrew text has “Jerubbaal,” another name for Gideon (see 6.32).
  8. 9.4 70 pieces: Nearly 800 grams.
  9. 9.4 Baal Berith: See the note at 8.33.
  10. 9.6 including the priests and the military officers: The Hebrew text has “and the Millo house,” another name for the temple of Baal Berith. It probably also served as a military fortress.
  11. 9.6 tree … rock: One ancient translation; Hebrew “propped-up sacred tree.”
  12. 9.15 cedars of Lebanon: The cedars that grew in the Lebanon mountains were some of the largest trees in that part of the world.
  13. 9.16-18 son of … slave girl: See 8.31.

18 Then he asked Zebah and Zalmunna, “What kind of men did you kill at Tabor?(A)

“Men like you,” they answered, “each one with the bearing of a prince.”

19 Gideon replied, “Those were my brothers, the sons of my own mother. As surely as the Lord lives,(B) if you had spared their lives, I would not kill you.” 20 Turning to Jether, his oldest son, he said, “Kill them!” But Jether did not draw his sword, because he was only a boy and was afraid.

21 Zebah and Zalmunna said, “Come, do it yourself. ‘As is the man, so is his strength.’” So Gideon stepped forward and killed them, and took the ornaments(C) off their camels’ necks.

Gideon’s Ephod

22 The Israelites said to Gideon, “Rule over us—you, your son and your grandson—because you have saved us from the hand of Midian.”

23 But Gideon told them, “I will not rule over you, nor will my son rule over you. The Lord will rule(D) over you.” 24 And he said, “I do have one request, that each of you give me an earring(E) from your share of the plunder.(F)” (It was the custom of the Ishmaelites(G) to wear gold earrings.)

25 They answered, “We’ll be glad to give them.” So they spread out a garment, and each of them threw a ring from his plunder onto it. 26 The weight of the gold rings he asked for came to seventeen hundred shekels,[a] not counting the ornaments, the pendants and the purple garments worn by the kings of Midian or the chains(H) that were on their camels’ necks. 27 Gideon made the gold into an ephod,(I) which he placed in Ophrah,(J) his town. All Israel prostituted themselves by worshiping it there, and it became a snare(K) to Gideon and his family.(L)

Gideon’s Death

28 Thus Midian was subdued before the Israelites and did not raise its head(M) again. During Gideon’s lifetime, the land had peace(N) forty years.

29 Jerub-Baal(O) son of Joash(P) went back home to live. 30 He had seventy sons(Q) of his own, for he had many wives. 31 His concubine,(R) who lived in Shechem, also bore him a son, whom he named Abimelek.(S) 32 Gideon son of Joash died at a good old age(T) and was buried in the tomb of his father Joash in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

33 No sooner had Gideon died than the Israelites again prostituted themselves to the Baals.(U) They set up Baal-Berith(V) as their god(W) 34 and did not remember(X) the Lord their God, who had rescued them from the hands of all their enemies on every side. 35 They also failed to show any loyalty to the family of Jerub-Baal(Y) (that is, Gideon) in spite of all the good things he had done for them.(Z)

Abimelek

Abimelek(AA) son of Jerub-Baal(AB) went to his mother’s brothers in Shechem and said to them and to all his mother’s clan, “Ask all the citizens of Shechem, ‘Which is better for you: to have all seventy of Jerub-Baal’s sons rule over you, or just one man?’ Remember, I am your flesh and blood.(AC)

When the brothers repeated all this to the citizens of Shechem, they were inclined to follow Abimelek, for they said, “He is related to us.” They gave him seventy shekels[b] of silver from the temple of Baal-Berith,(AD) and Abimelek used it to hire reckless scoundrels,(AE) who became his followers. He went to his father’s home in Ophrah and on one stone murdered his seventy brothers,(AF) the sons of Jerub-Baal. But Jotham,(AG) the youngest son of Jerub-Baal, escaped by hiding.(AH) Then all the citizens of Shechem and Beth Millo(AI) gathered beside the great tree(AJ) at the pillar in Shechem to crown Abimelek king.

When Jotham(AK) was told about this, he climbed up on the top of Mount Gerizim(AL) and shouted to them, “Listen to me, citizens of Shechem, so that God may listen to you. One day the trees went out to anoint a king for themselves. They said to the olive tree, ‘Be our king.’

“But the olive tree answered, ‘Should I give up my oil, by which both gods and humans are honored, to hold sway over the trees?’

10 “Next, the trees said to the fig tree, ‘Come and be our king.’

11 “But the fig tree replied, ‘Should I give up my fruit, so good and sweet, to hold sway over the trees?’

12 “Then the trees said to the vine, ‘Come and be our king.’

13 “But the vine answered, ‘Should I give up my wine,(AM) which cheers both gods and humans, to hold sway over the trees?’

14 “Finally all the trees said to the thornbush, ‘Come and be our king.’

15 “The thornbush said to the trees, ‘If you really want to anoint me king over you, come and take refuge in my shade;(AN) but if not, then let fire come out(AO) of the thornbush and consume the cedars of Lebanon!’(AP)

16 “Have you acted honorably and in good faith by making Abimelek king? Have you been fair to Jerub-Baal and his family? Have you treated him as he deserves? 17 Remember that my father fought for you and risked(AQ) his life to rescue you from the hand of Midian. 18 But today you have revolted against my father’s family. You have murdered his seventy sons(AR) on a single stone and have made Abimelek, the son of his female slave, king over the citizens of Shechem because he is related to you. 19 So have you acted honorably and in good faith toward Jerub-Baal and his family today?(AS) If you have, may Abimelek be your joy, and may you be his, too! 20 But if you have not, let fire come out(AT) from Abimelek and consume you, the citizens of Shechem(AU) and Beth Millo,(AV) and let fire come out from you, the citizens of Shechem and Beth Millo, and consume Abimelek!”

21 Then Jotham(AW) fled, escaping to Beer,(AX) and he lived there because he was afraid of his brother Abimelek.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 8:26 That is, about 43 pounds or about 20 kilograms
  2. Judges 9:4 That is, about 1 3/4 pounds or about 800 grams