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ダビデの最期

死期が近づいたことを悟ったダビデは、息子のソロモンに次のように言い含めました。 「私はもうすぐ、だれもが行くべき所へ行く。あなたは、たくましく、りっぱな後継者になってほしい。あなたを信じている。 主の教えを守り、いつも主にお従いするのだ。モーセの律法にあるおきての一つ一つを守りなさい。そうすれば、どんなことをしても、どこへ行っても祝福される。 また、あなたの子孫たちが正しく歩み、主に忠誠を尽くすなら、イスラエルの王位は一族の間で継承され、ダビデ王朝は絶えないという約束を主は果たしてくださる。

さあ、よく聞きなさい。あなたは、ヨアブが私の二人の将軍、アブネルとアマサを虐殺したことを知っているだろう。戦いの最中で、しかたなくそうしたと言っているが、実は平和な時に起こっているのだ。 あなたは利口者だから、どうしたらいいかわかるだろう。彼を安らかに死なせてはならない。 しかし、ギルアデ人バルジライの子らには親切にし、いつも王の食卓で食事をさせてやりなさい。彼らは、私があなたの兄アブシャロムから逃げた時、親身に世話をしてくれたからだ。 また、バフリム出身のベニヤミン人、ゲラの子シムイのことを覚えているだろう。私がマハナイムに落ち延びた時、激しく私をのろった男だ。それでも、私を迎えにヨルダン川まで下って来たものだから、いのちだけは助けると約束してやった。 しかし、そのような約束はあなたにかかわりのないことだ。あなたなら、どうすればあの男にむごたらしい死を遂げさせられるかわかっているだろう。」

10 こうしてダビデは死に、エルサレムに葬られました。 11 彼は四十年間イスラエルを治めましたが、そのうち七年はヘブロンで、あとの三十三年はエルサレムで治めました。 12 ソロモンが父ダビデに代わって王となり、王国はますます栄えていました。

ソロモンの王位の確立

13 ある日、ハギテの子アドニヤが、ソロモン王の母バテ・シェバにお目どおりを願い出ました。

「私を困らせるために、おいでになったのですか」と、バテ・シェバは尋ねました。

「とんでもありません。 14 実は、折り入ってお願いがあるのです。」

「いったい何でしょう。」

15 「私にとって、今まではすべてがうまくいっておりました。王国は私のものになるはずでしたし、だれもが、次の王になるのは私だと思っておりました。ところが形勢は逆転し、すべて弟のものとなりました。そうなることを、主が望んでおられたからです。 16 そこで今、ほんのちょっとしたことをお願いしたいのです。どうか、お聞き届けください。」

「それはまた、どんな願いですか。」

17 「どうか、ソロモン王にお願いしてください。あなた様のお口添えがあれば、王はかなえてくださるはずです。実は、シュネムの女アビシャグを妻に欲しいのです。」

18 「わかりました。お願いしてみましょう。」

19 そこでバテ・シェバは、ソロモン王に頼みに出かけました。王は彼女が入って行くと、王座から立ち上がり、深く一礼しました。それから、自分の右に席を設けるように命じ、彼女をそこに座らせました。

20 「小さなお願いがあります。ぜひ、聞き届けてください。」

「母上、どんなことでしょう。何なりと伺いましょう。」

21 「あなたの兄アドニヤとアビシャグの結婚を許してほしいのです。」

22 「何ですって? 気がおかしくなられたのですか。アビシャグをアドニヤに与えるとは、王国を与えたも同然ではありませんか。彼は私の兄です。そんなことをしたら、彼は祭司エブヤタルや将軍ヨアブと組んで、私を出し抜くに違いありません。」 23-24 王は激しく怒り、「反逆を企てたアドニヤをこの日のうちに始末しなかったら、主が私を打ち殺してくださるように。父上の王座を私に与え、約束どおり王国を確立してくださった神にかけて誓う」と言いました。

25 そして、王からアドニヤを処刑する役を言いつかったベナヤは、剣でアドニヤを殺しました。

26 それから王は、祭司エブヤタルに命じました。「アナトテの実家に帰りなさい。あなたも殺されて当然だが、今は、そうしたくない。父が王位にあった時、あなたはいつも主の箱をかつぎ、父と苦難を共にしてきたからだ。」

27 こうして、エブヤタルは祭司職を罷免されました。シロでエリの子孫に下った主の宣告が、このようにして実現したのです。

28 ヨアブは、アブシャロムの反乱には加担しませんでしたが、アドニヤの反乱には手を貸したので、彼はアドニヤが殺されたと聞くと主の幕屋に逃げ込み、祭壇の角にしがみつきました。 29 報告を受けた王は、ベナヤにヨアブの処刑を命じました。

30 ベナヤは幕屋に入り、「王が、出て来るようにと仰せだ」と声をかけました。ヨアブは、「いやだ。ここで死なせてくれ」と言って応じません。ベナヤは帰って、王に指示を仰ぎました。

31 「では、彼が言うとおりにせよ。祭壇のそばでヨアブを殺し、葬るがよい。こうして、ヨアブの殺人の罪を、私と父の家から取り除くのだ。 32 彼よりりっぱな二人の人物を殺した責任は、すべて彼にある。父上は、イスラエルの将軍アブネルと、ユダの将軍アマサの死には、全くかかわりがなかった。 33 ヨアブとその子孫は、この殺人の罪を永久に負わなければならない。どうか主が、ダビデとその子孫には、この二人の死についていっさい責任がないことを明らかにしてくださるように。」

34 ベナヤは幕屋に引き返してヨアブを打ち殺し、荒野にある彼の家の近くに葬りました。 35 王はベナヤを軍の司令官に任命し、また、ツァドクをエブヤタルに代わる祭司としました。

36-37 さらに、シムイを呼び寄せて、こう申し渡しました。「このエルサレムに家を建てて住み、町の外へは一歩も出てはならない。町を出てキデロン川を渡ったら、いのちはないものと思いなさい。それでおまえが死んでも、責任は負わない。」

38 「よくわかりました。おっしゃるとおりにいたします。」シムイは、言われたとおりエルサレムに住みつきました。

39 ところが、それから三年後、シムイの奴隷が二人、ガテの王アキシュのもとへ逃亡したのです。そのことを聞くと、 40 シムイはすぐろばに鞍をつけ、アキシュ王に会おうとガテへ向かいました。奴隷は見つかり、エルサレムへ連れ戻されました。 41 シムイがエルサレムを離れてガテに行き、また戻って来たことは、ソロモン王の耳にも入りました。 42 そこで、すぐにシムイを呼び出し、問いただしました。「主にかけて、エルサレムを離れるな、さもないと死ぬことになると言っておいたはずだ。あの時おまえは、『よくわかりました。そのとおりにいたします』と答えた。 43 それなのに、なぜ命令に背いたのだ。 44 私の父にどんな悪事を働いたか、間違っても忘れてはいないはずだ。主がおまえに復讐してくださるように。 45 そして、この私を祝福し、ダビデの子孫をいつまでもこの王座につけてくださるように。」

46 ベナヤは王の命令で、シムイを連れ出して打ち殺しました。こうして、ソロモンの支配は揺るぎないものとなっていったのです。

David’s Charge to Solomon(A)

When the time drew near for David to die,(B) he gave a charge to Solomon his son.

“I am about to go the way of all the earth,”(C) he said. “So be strong,(D) act like a man, and observe(E) what the Lord your God requires: Walk in obedience to him, and keep his decrees and commands, his laws and regulations, as written in the Law of Moses. Do this so that you may prosper(F) in all you do and wherever you go and that the Lord may keep his promise(G) to me: ‘If your descendants watch how they live, and if they walk faithfully(H) before me with all their heart and soul, you will never fail to have a successor on the throne of Israel.’

“Now you yourself know what Joab(I) son of Zeruiah did to me—what he did to the two commanders of Israel’s armies, Abner(J) son of Ner and Amasa(K) son of Jether. He killed them, shedding their blood in peacetime as if in battle, and with that blood he stained the belt around his waist and the sandals on his feet. Deal with him according to your wisdom,(L) but do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peace.

“But show kindness(M) to the sons of Barzillai(N) of Gilead and let them be among those who eat at your table.(O) They stood by me when I fled from your brother Absalom.

“And remember, you have with you Shimei(P) son of Gera, the Benjamite from Bahurim, who called down bitter curses on me the day I went to Mahanaim.(Q) When he came down to meet me at the Jordan, I swore(R) to him by the Lord: ‘I will not put you to death by the sword.’ But now, do not consider him innocent. You are a man of wisdom;(S) you will know what to do to him. Bring his gray head down to the grave in blood.”

10 Then David rested with his ancestors and was buried(T) in the City of David.(U) 11 He had reigned(V) forty years over Israel—seven years in Hebron and thirty-three in Jerusalem. 12 So Solomon sat on the throne(W) of his father David, and his rule was firmly established.(X)

Solomon’s Throne Established

13 Now Adonijah,(Y) the son of Haggith, went to Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother. Bathsheba asked him, “Do you come peacefully?”(Z)

He answered, “Yes, peacefully.” 14 Then he added, “I have something to say to you.”

“You may say it,” she replied.

15 “As you know,” he said, “the kingdom was mine. All Israel looked to me as their king. But things changed, and the kingdom has gone to my brother; for it has come to him from the Lord. 16 Now I have one request to make of you. Do not refuse me.”

“You may make it,” she said.

17 So he continued, “Please ask King Solomon—he will not refuse you—to give me Abishag(AA) the Shunammite as my wife.”

18 “Very well,” Bathsheba replied, “I will speak to the king for you.”

19 When Bathsheba went to King Solomon to speak to him for Adonijah, the king stood up to meet her, bowed down to her and sat down on his throne. He had a throne brought for the king’s mother,(AB) and she sat down at his right hand.(AC)

20 “I have one small request to make of you,” she said. “Do not refuse me.”

The king replied, “Make it, my mother; I will not refuse you.”

21 So she said, “Let Abishag(AD) the Shunammite be given in marriage to your brother Adonijah.”

22 King Solomon answered his mother, “Why do you request Abishag(AE) the Shunammite for Adonijah? You might as well request the kingdom for him—after all, he is my older brother(AF)—yes, for him and for Abiathar(AG) the priest and Joab son of Zeruiah!”

23 Then King Solomon swore by the Lord: “May God deal with me, be it ever so severely,(AH) if Adonijah does not pay with his life for this request! 24 And now, as surely as the Lord lives—he who has established me securely on the throne of my father David and has founded a dynasty for me as he promised(AI)—Adonijah shall be put to death today!” 25 So King Solomon gave orders to Benaiah(AJ) son of Jehoiada, and he struck down Adonijah and he died.(AK)

26 To Abiathar(AL) the priest the king said, “Go back to your fields in Anathoth.(AM) You deserve to die, but I will not put you to death now, because you carried the ark(AN) of the Sovereign Lord before my father David and shared all my father’s hardships.”(AO) 27 So Solomon removed Abiathar from the priesthood of the Lord, fulfilling(AP) the word the Lord had spoken at Shiloh about the house of Eli.

28 When the news reached Joab, who had conspired with Adonijah though not with Absalom, he fled to the tent of the Lord and took hold of the horns(AQ) of the altar. 29 King Solomon was told that Joab had fled to the tent of the Lord and was beside the altar.(AR) Then Solomon ordered Benaiah(AS) son of Jehoiada, “Go, strike him down!”

30 So Benaiah entered the tent(AT) of the Lord and said to Joab, “The king says, ‘Come out!(AU)’”

But he answered, “No, I will die here.”

Benaiah reported to the king, “This is how Joab answered me.”

31 Then the king commanded Benaiah, “Do as he says. Strike him down and bury him, and so clear me and my whole family of the guilt of the innocent blood(AV) that Joab shed. 32 The Lord will repay(AW) him for the blood he shed,(AX) because without my father David knowing it he attacked two men and killed them with the sword. Both of them—Abner son of Ner, commander of Israel’s army, and Amasa(AY) son of Jether, commander of Judah’s army—were better(AZ) men and more upright than he. 33 May the guilt of their blood rest on the head of Joab and his descendants forever. But on David and his descendants, his house and his throne, may there be the Lord’s peace forever.”

34 So Benaiah(BA) son of Jehoiada went up and struck down Joab(BB) and killed him, and he was buried at his home out in the country. 35 The king put Benaiah(BC) son of Jehoiada over the army in Joab’s position and replaced Abiathar with Zadok(BD) the priest.

36 Then the king sent for Shimei(BE) and said to him, “Build yourself a house in Jerusalem and live there, but do not go anywhere else. 37 The day you leave and cross the Kidron Valley,(BF) you can be sure you will die; your blood will be on your own head.”(BG)

38 Shimei answered the king, “What you say is good. Your servant will do as my lord the king has said.” And Shimei stayed in Jerusalem for a long time.

39 But three years later, two of Shimei’s slaves ran off to Achish(BH) son of Maakah, king of Gath, and Shimei was told, “Your slaves are in Gath.” 40 At this, he saddled his donkey and went to Achish at Gath in search of his slaves. So Shimei went away and brought the slaves back from Gath.

41 When Solomon was told that Shimei had gone from Jerusalem to Gath and had returned, 42 the king summoned Shimei and said to him, “Did I not make you swear by the Lord and warn(BI) you, ‘On the day you leave to go anywhere else, you can be sure you will die’? At that time you said to me, ‘What you say is good. I will obey.’ 43 Why then did you not keep your oath to the Lord and obey the command I gave you?”

44 The king also said to Shimei, “You know in your heart all the wrong(BJ) you did to my father David. Now the Lord will repay you for your wrongdoing. 45 But King Solomon will be blessed, and David’s throne will remain secure(BK) before the Lord forever.”

46 Then the king gave the order to Benaiah(BL) son of Jehoiada, and he went out and struck Shimei(BM) down and he died.

The kingdom was now established(BN) in Solomon’s hands.

Now the days of David drew nigh that he should die; and he charged Solomon his son, saying,

I go the way of all the earth: be thou strong therefore, and shew thyself a man;

And keep the charge of the Lord thy God, to walk in his ways, to keep his statutes, and his commandments, and his judgments, and his testimonies, as it is written in the law of Moses, that thou mayest prosper in all that thou doest, and whithersoever thou turnest thyself:

That the Lord may continue his word which he spake concerning me, saying, If thy children take heed to their way, to walk before me in truth with all their heart and with all their soul, there shall not fail thee (said he) a man on the throne of Israel.

Moreover thou knowest also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, and what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Israel, unto Abner the son of Ner, and unto Amasa the son of Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace, and put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his loins, and in his shoes that were on his feet.

Do therefore according to thy wisdom, and let not his hoar head go down to the grave in peace.

But shew kindness unto the sons of Barzillai the Gileadite, and let them be of those that eat at thy table: for so they came to me when I fled because of Absalom thy brother.

And, behold, thou hast with thee Shimei the son of Gera, a Benjamite of Bahurim, which cursed me with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim: but he came down to meet me at Jordan, and I sware to him by the Lord, saying, I will not put thee to death with the sword.

Now therefore hold him not guiltless: for thou art a wise man, and knowest what thou oughtest to do unto him; but his hoar head bring thou down to the grave with blood.

10 So David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David.

11 And the days that David reigned over Israel were forty years: seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three years reigned he in Jerusalem.

12 Then sat Solomon upon the throne of David his father; and his kingdom was established greatly.

13 And Adonijah the son of Haggith came to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon. And she said, Comest thou peaceably? And he said, Peaceably.

14 He said moreover, I have somewhat to say unto thee. And she said, Say on.

15 And he said, Thou knowest that the kingdom was mine, and that all Israel set their faces on me, that I should reign: howbeit the kingdom is turned about, and is become my brother's: for it was his from the Lord.

16 And now I ask one petition of thee, deny me not. And she said unto him, Say on.

17 And he said, Speak, I pray thee, unto Solomon the king, (for he will not say thee nay,) that he give me Abishag the Shunammite to wife.

18 And Bathsheba said, Well; I will speak for thee unto the king.

19 Bathsheba therefore went unto king Solomon, to speak unto him for Adonijah. And the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself unto her, and sat down on his throne, and caused a seat to be set for the king's mother; and she sat on his right hand.

20 Then she said, I desire one small petition of thee; I pray thee, say me not nay. And the king said unto her, Ask on, my mother: for I will not say thee nay.

21 And she said, Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah thy brother to wife.

22 And king Solomon answered and said unto his mother, And why dost thou ask Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah? ask for him the kingdom also; for he is mine elder brother; even for him, and for Abiathar the priest, and for Joab the son of Zeruiah.

23 Then king Solomon sware by the Lord, saying, God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah have not spoken this word against his own life.

24 Now therefore, as the Lord liveth, which hath established me, and set me on the throne of David my father, and who hath made me an house, as he promised, Adonijah shall be put to death this day.

25 And king Solomon sent by the hand of Benaiah the son of Jehoiada; and he fell upon him that he died.

26 And unto Abiathar the priest said the king, Get thee to Anathoth, unto thine own fields; for thou art worthy of death: but I will not at this time put thee to death, because thou barest the ark of the Lord God before David my father, and because thou hast been afflicted in all wherein my father was afflicted.

27 So Solomon thrust out Abiathar from being priest unto the Lord; that he might fulfil the word of the Lord, which he spake concerning the house of Eli in Shiloh.

28 Then tidings came to Joab: for Joab had turned after Adonijah, though he turned not after Absalom. And Joab fled unto the tabernacle of the Lord, and caught hold on the horns of the altar.

29 And it was told king Solomon that Joab was fled unto the tabernacle of the Lord; and, behold, he is by the altar. Then Solomon sent Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, saying, Go, fall upon him.

30 And Benaiah came to the tabernacle of the Lord, and said unto him, Thus saith the king, Come forth. And he said, Nay; but I will die here. And Benaiah brought the king word again, saying, Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.

31 And the king said unto him, Do as he hath said, and fall upon him, and bury him; that thou mayest take away the innocent blood, which Joab shed, from me, and from the house of my father.

32 And the Lord shall return his blood upon his own head, who fell upon two men more righteous and better than he, and slew them with the sword, my father David not knowing thereof, to wit, Abner the son of Ner, captain of the host of Israel, and Amasa the son of Jether, captain of the host of Judah.

33 Their blood shall therefore return upon the head of Joab, and upon the head of his seed for ever: but upon David, and upon his seed, and upon his house, and upon his throne, shall there be peace for ever from the Lord.

34 So Benaiah the son of Jehoiada went up, and fell upon him, and slew him: and he was buried in his own house in the wilderness.

35 And the king put Benaiah the son of Jehoiada in his room over the host: and Zadok the priest did the king put in the room of Abiathar.

36 And the king sent and called for Shimei, and said unto him, Build thee an house in Jerusalem, and dwell there, and go not forth thence any whither.

37 For it shall be, that on the day thou goest out, and passest over the brook Kidron, thou shalt know for certain that thou shalt surely die: thy blood shall be upon thine own head.

38 And Shimei said unto the king, The saying is good: as my lord the king hath said, so will thy servant do. And Shimei dwelt in Jerusalem many days.

39 And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish son of Maachah king of Gath. And they told Shimei, saying, Behold, thy servants be in Gath.

40 And Shimei arose, and saddled his ass, and went to Gath to Achish to seek his servants: and Shimei went, and brought his servants from Gath.

41 And it was told Solomon that Shimei had gone from Jerusalem to Gath, and was come again.

42 And the king sent and called for Shimei, and said unto him, Did I not make thee to swear by the Lord, and protested unto thee, saying, Know for a certain, on the day thou goest out, and walkest abroad any whither, that thou shalt surely die? and thou saidst unto me, The word that I have heard is good.

43 Why then hast thou not kept the oath of the Lord, and the commandment that I have charged thee with?

44 The king said moreover to Shimei, Thou knowest all the wickedness which thine heart is privy to, that thou didst to David my father: therefore the Lord shall return thy wickedness upon thine own head;

45 And king Solomon shall be blessed, and the throne of David shall be established before the Lord for ever.

46 So the king commanded Benaiah the son of Jehoiada; which went out, and fell upon him, that he died. And the kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon.