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The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon

The Queen of Sheba heard about Solomon’s fame, so she came to Jerusalem to test Solomon with difficult questions. She came with a very great entourage,[a] with camels carrying spices, a large quantity of gold, and precious stones. She came to Solomon and spoke with him about everything that was on her heart.

Solomon answered all her questions. There was nothing hidden from Solomon that he could not explain to her.

When the Queen of Sheba saw the wisdom of Solomon, the house which he had built, the food on his table, the council meeting of his officials, the careful attention of his ministers and their attire, also his cupbearers and their attire, and the passageway by which he went up to the House of the Lord,[b] it took her breath away.

She said to the king, “The report I heard in my land about your accomplishments[c] and about your wisdom is true. I did not believe the report, until I came and saw it with my own eyes. Now I find that I was not informed about even half of the greatness of your wisdom. You surpass the report that I heard. Blessed are your men! Blessed are your servants, who continually stand before you and hear your wisdom!

“Blessed be the Lord your God, who has been delighted with you and has placed you on his throne as king to serve the Lord your God. Because of your God’s love for Israel and his purpose of establishing Israel forever, he has placed you over them as king to administer justice and righteousness.”

Then she gave the king one hundred twenty talents[d] of gold, a very great quantity of spices and incense,[e] and precious stones. There was nothing comparable to these spices and incense that the Queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.

10 In addition, the servants of Huram and Solomon who brought gold from Ophir also brought algum[f] wood and precious stones. 11 The king made the algum wood into steps[g] for the Lord’s house and for the house of the king and into lyres and harps for the singers. Nothing like them had ever been seen before in the land of Judah.

12 King Solomon gave the Queen of Sheba everything she desired, whatever she asked for, more than what she had brought to the king. Then she returned to her land along with her servants.

Solomon’s Wealth

13 The weight of the gold that came to Solomon in one year was six hundred sixty-six talents,[h] 14 not counting what the traders and merchants were bringing. All the kings of Arabia and the governors of the land also kept bringing gold and silver to Solomon.

15 King Solomon made two hundred large shields of hammered gold. Seven and a half pounds[i] of hammered gold went into each shield. 16 He made three hundred small shields of hammered gold. Almost four pounds[j] of gold went into each shield. The king put them in the House of the Forest of Lebanon.

17 The king made a large ivory throne and overlaid it with pure gold. 18 There were six steps up to the throne. A golden footstool was attached to the throne, and there were armrests on either side of the seat. There were two lions standing beside the armrests 19 and twelve lions standing on the steps, one on each end of each step. Nothing like it had ever been made for any kingdom.

20 All of King Solomon’s drinking vessels were gold. All the utensils in the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold.[k] Silver was not thought to be worth anything in the days of Solomon, 21 because the king’s ships would go to Tarshish[l] with the servants of Huram, and once every three years the Tarshish ships would return, bringing gold, silver, ivory, monkeys, and peacocks.[m]

22 King Solomon was greater than all the kings of the earth in wealth and wisdom. 23 All the kings of the earth were seeking an audience with Solomon to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart. 24 Each of them would bring his gift: articles of silver and gold, clothing, scents,[n] spices, horses, and mules, year after year.

25 Solomon had four thousand teams[o] of horses and chariots and twelve thousand charioteers. He stationed them in the chariot cities and in Jerusalem with him.

26 He was ruling over all the kings from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, to the border of Egypt.

27 The king made silver in Jerusalem as plentiful as ordinary stones, and the cedars were like the sycamore fig trees, which are so abundant in the Shephelah.[p]

28 Horses were imported for Solomon from Egypt and from all the lands.

The Death of Solomon

29 The rest of the acts of Solomon, from the first to the last, are they not written in the records of Nathan the prophet, in the prophecy of Ahijah from Shiloh, and in the visions of Iddo the seer about Jeroboam son of Nebat?

30 Solomon ruled in Jerusalem and over all Israel for forty years, 31 and then Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. His son Rehoboam became king in his place.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 9:1 Or a very impressive display of wealth
  2. 2 Chronicles 9:4 Or and the whole burnt offerings which he offered at the House of the Lord, which is the main reading in the parallel in 1 Kings 10:5. The context seems to require something impressive about the palace.
  3. 2 Chronicles 9:5 Or words
  4. 2 Chronicles 9:9 About nine thousand pounds
  5. 2 Chronicles 9:9 Spices and incense—the Hebrew text has only one word here. In English we usually distinguish spices which flavor food, fragrances which are applied to the body, and incense which is burned, but all of these meanings can be expressed by one Hebrew word. Sometimes it takes more than one English word to cover the range of one Hebrew word.
  6. 2 Chronicles 9:10 Perhaps a type of sandalwood. In 1 Kings 10:11, it reads almug wood.
  7. 2 Chronicles 9:11 Or supports
  8. 2 Chronicles 9:13 Almost fifty thousand pounds
  9. 2 Chronicles 9:15 The Hebrew reads six hundred ___ of gold. Six hundred bekas would be seven and a half pounds, but the Hebrew text supplies no unit of measure. If the unit of measurement is the shekel, the weight in pounds would double.
  10. 2 Chronicles 9:16 The Hebrew reads three hundred ____ of gold. The parallel in 1 Kings 10:17 reads three minas. A mina is sixty or perhaps fifty shekels. The ratio of bekas to minas supports the idea that the weight here is bekas.
  11. 2 Chronicles 9:20 Literally closed gold. Perhaps this means gold plate, but most translators think it means pure gold.
  12. 2 Chronicles 9:21 Or the king had ships that could go to Tarshish. In other passages Tarshish is located on the Mediterranean Sea, but everything in this passage points to trade on the Red Sea. In that case, this phrase refers to the type of ship, not to the destination. Or there may be an otherwise unknown Tarshish on the Red Sea.
  13. 2 Chronicles 9:21 Or apes or baboons
  14. 2 Chronicles 9:24 Or tools and weapons
  15. 2 Chronicles 9:25 Or stalls
  16. 2 Chronicles 9:27 That is, the western foothills

The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon(A)

When the queen of Sheba(B) heard of Solomon’s fame, she came to Jerusalem to test him with hard questions. Arriving with a very great caravan—with camels carrying spices, large quantities of gold, and precious stones—she came to Solomon and talked with him about all she had on her mind. Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too hard for him to explain to her. When the queen of Sheba saw the wisdom of Solomon,(C) as well as the palace he had built, the food on his table, the seating of his officials, the attending servants in their robes, the cupbearers in their robes and the burnt offerings he made at[a] the temple of the Lord, she was overwhelmed.

She said to the king, “The report I heard in my own country about your achievements and your wisdom is true. But I did not believe what they said until I came(D) and saw with my own eyes. Indeed, not even half the greatness of your wisdom was told me; you have far exceeded the report I heard. How happy your people must be! How happy your officials, who continually stand before you and hear your wisdom! Praise be to the Lord your God, who has delighted in you and placed you on his throne(E) as king to rule for the Lord your God. Because of the love of your God for Israel and his desire to uphold them forever, he has made you king(F) over them, to maintain justice and righteousness.”

Then she gave the king 120 talents[b] of gold,(G) large quantities of spices, and precious stones. There had never been such spices as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.

10 (The servants of Hiram and the servants of Solomon brought gold from Ophir;(H) they also brought algumwood[c] and precious stones. 11 The king used the algumwood to make steps for the temple of the Lord and for the royal palace, and to make harps and lyres for the musicians. Nothing like them had ever been seen in Judah.)

12 King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba all she desired and asked for; he gave her more than she had brought to him. Then she left and returned with her retinue to her own country.

Solomon’s Splendor(I)

13 The weight of the gold that Solomon received yearly was 666 talents,[d] 14 not including the revenues brought in by merchants and traders. Also all the kings of Arabia(J) and the governors of the territories brought gold and silver to Solomon.

15 King Solomon made two hundred large shields of hammered gold; six hundred shekels[e] of hammered gold went into each shield. 16 He also made three hundred small shields(K) of hammered gold, with three hundred shekels[f] of gold in each shield. The king put them in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.(L)

17 Then the king made a great throne covered with ivory(M) and overlaid with pure gold. 18 The throne had six steps, and a footstool of gold was attached to it. On both sides of the seat were armrests, with a lion standing beside each of them. 19 Twelve lions stood on the six steps, one at either end of each step. Nothing like it had ever been made for any other kingdom. 20 All King Solomon’s goblets were gold, and all the household articles in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. Nothing was made of silver, because silver was considered of little value in Solomon’s day. 21 The king had a fleet of trading ships[g] manned by Hiram’s[h] servants. Once every three years it returned, carrying gold, silver and ivory, and apes and baboons.

22 King Solomon was greater in riches and wisdom than all the other kings of the earth.(N) 23 All the kings(O) of the earth sought audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom God had put in his heart. 24 Year after year, everyone who came brought a gift(P)—articles of silver and gold, and robes, weapons and spices, and horses and mules.

25 Solomon had four thousand stalls for horses and chariots,(Q) and twelve thousand horses,[i] which he kept in the chariot cities and also with him in Jerusalem. 26 He ruled(R) over all the kings from the Euphrates River(S) to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt.(T) 27 The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar as plentiful as sycamore-fig trees in the foothills. 28 Solomon’s horses were imported from Egypt and from all other countries.

Solomon’s Death(U)

29 As for the other events of Solomon’s reign, from beginning to end, are they not written in the records of Nathan(V) the prophet, in the prophecy of Ahijah(W) the Shilonite and in the visions of Iddo the seer concerning Jeroboam(X) son of Nebat? 30 Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty years. 31 Then he rested with his ancestors and was buried in the city of David(Y) his father. And Rehoboam his son succeeded him as king.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 9:4 Or and the ascent by which he went up to
  2. 2 Chronicles 9:9 That is, about 4 1/2 tons or about 4 metric tons
  3. 2 Chronicles 9:10 Probably a variant of almugwood
  4. 2 Chronicles 9:13 That is, about 25 tons or about 23 metric tons
  5. 2 Chronicles 9:15 That is, about 15 pounds or about 6.9 kilograms
  6. 2 Chronicles 9:16 That is, about 7 1/2 pounds or about 3.5 kilograms
  7. 2 Chronicles 9:21 Hebrew of ships that could go to Tarshish
  8. 2 Chronicles 9:21 Hebrew Huram, a variant of Hiram
  9. 2 Chronicles 9:25 Or charioteers