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19 When the Lord thy God hath cut off the nations, whose land the Lord thy God giveth thee, and thou succeedest them, and dwellest in their cities, and in their houses; thou shalt separate three cities for thee in the midst of thy land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee to possess it. Thou shalt prepare thee a way, and divide the coasts of thy land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee to inherit, into three parts, that every slayer may flee thither.

And this is the case of the slayer, which shall flee thither, that he may live: Whoso killeth his neighbour ignorantly, whom he hated not in time past; as when a man goeth into the wood with his neighbour to hew wood, and his hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree, and the head slippeth from the helve, and lighteth upon his neighbour, that he die; he shall flee unto one of those cities, and live: lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past. Wherefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt separate three cities for thee. And if the Lord thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers; if thou shalt keep all these commandments to do them, which I command thee this day, to love the Lord thy God, and to walk ever in his ways; then shalt thou add three cities more for thee, beside these three: 10 that innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.

11 But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities: 12 then the elders of his city shall send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. 13 Thine eye shall not pity him, but thou shalt put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with thee.

14 Thou shalt not remove thy neighbour’s landmark, which they of old time have set in thine inheritance, which thou shalt inherit in the land that the Lord thy God giveth thee to possess it.

15 One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.

16 If a false witness rise up against any man to testify against him that which is wrong; 17 then both the men, between whom the controversy is, shall stand before the Lord, before the priests and the judges, which shall be in those days; 18 and the judges shall make diligent inquisition: and, behold, if the witness be a false witness, and hath testified falsely against his brother; 19 then shall ye do unto him, as he had thought to have done unto his brother: so shalt thou put the evil away from among you. 20 And those which remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you. 21 And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

Three Cities of Refuge(A)

19 “When the Lord your God (B)has cut off the nations whose land the Lord your God is giving you, and you dispossess them and dwell in their cities and in their houses, (C)you shall separate three cities for yourself in the midst of your land which the Lord your God is giving you to possess. You shall prepare roads for yourself, and divide into three parts the territory of your land which the Lord your God is giving you to inherit, that any manslayer may flee there.

“And (D)this is the case of the manslayer who flees there, that he may live: Whoever kills his neighbor [a]unintentionally, not having hated him in time past— as when a man goes to the woods with his neighbor to cut timber, and his hand swings a stroke with the ax to cut down the tree, and the head slips from the handle and strikes his neighbor so that he dies—he shall flee to one of these cities and live; (E)lest the avenger of blood, while his anger is hot, pursue the manslayer and overtake him, because the way is long, and kill him, though he was not deserving of death, since he had not hated the victim in time past. Therefore I command you, saying, ‘You shall separate three cities for yourself.’

“Now if the Lord your God (F)enlarges your territory, as He swore to (G)your fathers, and gives you the land which He promised to give to your fathers, and if you keep all these commandments and do them, which I command you today, to love the Lord your God and to walk always in His ways, (H)then you shall add three more cities for yourself besides these three, 10 (I)lest innocent blood be shed in the midst of your land which the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance, and thus guilt of bloodshed be upon you.

11 “But (J)if anyone hates his neighbor, lies in wait for him, rises against him and strikes him mortally, so that he dies, and he flees to one of these cities, 12 then the elders of his city shall send and bring him from there, and deliver him over to the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die. 13 (K)Your eye shall not pity him, (L)but you shall [b]put away the guilt of innocent blood from Israel, that it may go well with you.

Property Boundaries

14 (M)“You shall not remove your neighbor’s landmark, which the men of old have set, in your inheritance which you will inherit in the land that the Lord your God is giving you to possess.

The Law Concerning Witnesses

15 (N)“One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established. 16 If a false witness (O)rises against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing, 17 then both men in the controversy shall stand before the Lord, (P)before the priests and the judges who serve in those days. 18 And the judges shall make careful inquiry, and indeed, if the witness is a false witness, who has testified falsely against his brother, 19 (Q)then you shall do to him as he thought to have done to his brother; so (R)you shall put away the evil from among you. 20 (S)And those who remain shall hear and fear, and hereafter they shall not again commit such evil among you. 21 (T)Your eye shall not pity: (U)life shall be for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 19:4 ignorantly, lit. without knowledge
  2. Deuteronomy 19:13 purge the blood of the innocent

Las ciudades de refugio

(Nm. 35.9-28)

19 Cuando Jehová tu Dios destruya a las naciones cuya tierra Jehová tu Dios te da a ti, y tú las heredes, y habites en sus ciudades, y en sus casas; te apartarás tres ciudades(A) en medio de la tierra que Jehová tu Dios te da para que la poseas. Arreglarás los caminos, y dividirás en tres partes la tierra que Jehová tu Dios te dará en heredad, y será para que todo homicida huya allí.

Y este es el caso del homicida que huirá allí, y vivirá: aquel que hiriere a su prójimo sin intención y sin haber tenido enemistad con él anteriormente; como el que fuere con su prójimo al monte a cortar leña, y al dar su mano el golpe con el hacha para cortar algún leño, saltare el hierro del cabo, y diere contra su prójimo y este muriere; aquel huirá a una de estas ciudades, y vivirá; no sea que el vengador de la sangre, enfurecido, persiga al homicida, y le alcance por ser largo el camino, y le hiera de muerte, no debiendo ser condenado a muerte por cuanto no tenía enemistad con su prójimo anteriormente. Por tanto yo te mando, diciendo: Separarás tres ciudades. Y si Jehová tu Dios ensanchare tu territorio, como lo juró a tus padres, y te diere toda la tierra que prometió dar a tus padres, siempre y cuando guardares todos estos mandamientos que yo te prescribo hoy, para ponerlos por obra; que ames a Jehová tu Dios y andes en sus caminos todos los días; entonces añadirás tres ciudades más a estas tres, 10 para que no sea derramada sangre inocente en medio de la tierra que Jehová tu Dios te da por heredad, y no seas culpado de derramamiento de sangre.

11 Pero si hubiere alguno que aborreciere a su prójimo y lo acechare, y se levantare contra él y lo hiriere de muerte, y muriere; si huyere a alguna de estas ciudades, 12 entonces los ancianos de su ciudad enviarán y lo sacarán de allí, y lo entregarán en mano del vengador de la sangre para que muera. 13 No le compadecerás; y quitarás de Israel la sangre inocente, y te irá bien.

14 En la heredad que poseas en la tierra que Jehová tu Dios te da, no reducirás los límites de la propiedad de tu prójimo,(B) que fijaron los antiguos.

Leyes sobre el testimonio

15 No se tomará en cuenta a un solo testigo contra ninguno en cualquier delito ni en cualquier pecado, en relación con cualquiera ofensa cometida. Solo por el testimonio de dos o tres testigos se mantendrá la acusación.(C) 16 Cuando se levantare testigo falso contra alguno, para testificar contra él, 17 entonces los dos litigantes se presentarán delante de Jehová, y delante de los sacerdotes y de los jueces que hubiere en aquellos días. 18 Y los jueces inquirirán bien; y si aquel testigo resultare falso, y hubiere acusado falsamente a su hermano, 19 entonces haréis a él como él pensó hacer a su hermano; y quitarás el mal de en medio de ti. 20 Y los que quedaren oirán y temerán, y no volverán a hacer más una maldad semejante en medio de ti. 21 Y no le compadecerás; vida por vida, ojo por ojo, diente por diente,(D) mano por mano, pie por pie.