31 2, 7 Moses preparing himself to die, appointeth Joshua to rule the people. 9 He giveth the law to the Levites, that they should read it to the people. 19 God giveth them a song as a witness between him and them. 23 God confirmeth Joshua. 29 Moses showeth them that they will rebel after his death.

Then Moses went and spake these words unto all Israel,

And said unto them, I am an hundred and twenty years old this day: I [a]can no more go out and in: also the Lord hath said unto me, (A)Thou shalt not go over this Jordan.

The Lord thy God he will go over before thee: he will destroy these nations before thee, and thou shalt possess them. (B)Joshua, he shall go before thee, as the Lord hath said.

And the Lord shall do unto them, as he did to (C)Sihon and to Og kings of the Amorites, and unto their land whom he destroyed.

And the Lord shall give them [b]before you, that ye may do unto them according unto every (D)commandment which I have commanded you.

Pluck [c]up your hearts therefore, and be strong: dread not, nor be afraid of them: for the Lord thy God himself doth go with thee: he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee.

¶ And Moses called Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel, Be [d]of a good courage and strong: for thou shalt go with this people unto the land which the Lord hath sworn unto their fathers, to give them, and thou shalt give it them to inherit.

And the Lord himself doth [e]go before thee: he will be with thee: he will not fail thee, neither forsake thee: fear not therefore, nor be discomforted.

¶ And Moses wrote this Law, and delivered it unto the Priests the sons of Levi (which bare the Ark of the covenant of the Lord) and unto all the Elders of Israel.

10 And Moses commanded them, saying, (E)Every seventh year (F)when the year of freedom shall be in the feast of the Tabernacles:

11 When all Israel shall come to appear [f]before the Lord thy God, and the place which he shall choose, thou shalt read this Law before all Israel that they may hear it.

12 Gather the people together: men, and women, and children, and thy stranger that is within thy gates, that they may hear, and that they may learn, and fear the Lord your God, and keep and observe all the words of this Law,

13 And that their children which [g]have not known it, may hear it, and learn to fear the Lord your God, as long as ye live in the land, whither ye go over Jordan to possess it.

14 ¶ Then the Lord said unto Moses, Behold, thy days are come, that thou must die: Call Joshua, and stand ye in the Tabernacle of the Congregation that I may give him a [h]charge. So Moses and Joshua went, and stood in the Tabernacle of the Congregation.

15 And the Lord appeared in the Tabernacle in the pillar of a [i]cloud: and the pillar of the cloud stood over the door of the Tabernacle.

16 ¶ And the Lord said unto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, and this people will rise up, and go a whoring after the gods of a strange land (whither they go to dwell therein) and will forsake me: and break my covenant which I have made with them.

17 Wherefore my wrath will wax hot against them at that day, and I will forsake them, and will [j]hide my face from them: then they shall be consumed, and many adversities and tribulations shall come upon them: so then they will say, Are not these troubles come upon me, because God is not with me?

18 But I will surely hide my face in that day, because of all the evil which they shall commit, in that they are turned unto other gods.

19 Now therefore write ye this [k]song for you, and teach it the children of Israel: put it in their mouths, that this song may be my witness against the children of Israel.

20 For I will bring them into the land (which I sware unto their fathers) that floweth with milk and honey: and they shall eat and fill themselves, and wax fat: [l]then shall they turn unto other gods, and serve them, and contemn me, and break my covenant.

21 And then when many adversities and tribulations shall come upon them, this song shall [m]answer them to their faces as a witness: for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their posterity: for I know their imagination, which they go about even now, before I have brought them into the land which I sware.

22 ¶ Moses therefore wrote this song the same day, and taught it the children of Israel.

23 And God gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, (G)Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land, which I sware unto them, and I will be with thee.

24 ¶ And when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this Law in a book until he had finished them,

25 Then Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the Ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying,

26 Take the book of this Law, and put ye it in the side of the Ark of the covenant of the Lord your God, that it may be there for a [n]witness against thee.

27 For I know thy rebellion and thy stiff neck: behold, I being yet alive with you this day, ye are rebellious against the Lord: how much more then after my death?

28 Gather unto me all the Elders of your tribes, and your [o]officers, that I may speak these words in their audience, and call heaven and earth to record against them.

29 For I am sure that after my death, ye will utterly be corrupt and turn from the way which I have commanded you: therefore evil will come upon you at the length, because ye will commit evil in the sight of the Lord, by provoking him to anger through the [p]work of your hands.

30 Thus Moses spake in the audience of all the Congregation of Israel the words of this song, until he had ended them.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 31:2 I can no longer execute mine office.
  2. Deuteronomy 31:5 Into your hands.
  3. Deuteronomy 31:6 Or, be of good courage.
  4. Deuteronomy 31:7 For he that must govern the people, hath need to be valiant to repress vice, and constant to maintain virtue.
  5. Deuteronomy 31:8 Signifying that man can never be of good courage, except he be persuaded of God’s favor and assistance.
  6. Deuteronomy 31:11 Before the Ark of the covenant, which was the sign of God’s presence, and the figure of Christ.
  7. Deuteronomy 31:13 Which were not born when the law was given.
  8. Deuteronomy 31:14 Or, commandment.
  9. Deuteronomy 31:15 In a cloud that was fashioned like a pillar.
  10. Deuteronomy 31:17 That is, I will take my favor from them: as to turn his face toward us, is to show us his favor.
  11. Deuteronomy 31:19 To preserve you and your children from idolatry, by remembering God’s benefits.
  12. Deuteronomy 31:20 For this is the nature of flesh, no longer to obey God, than it is under the rod.
  13. Deuteronomy 31:21 That these evils are come upon them, because they forsook me.
  14. Deuteronomy 31:26 Of thine infidelity, when thou shalt turn away from the doctrine contained therein.
  15. Deuteronomy 31:28 As governors, judges and magistrates.
  16. Deuteronomy 31:29 By idolatry, and worshipping images, which are the work of your hands.

Joshua to Succeed Moses

31 Then Moses went out and spoke these words to all Israel: “I am now a hundred and twenty years old(A) and I am no longer able to lead you.(B) The Lord has said to me, ‘You shall not cross the Jordan.’(C) The Lord your God himself will cross(D) over ahead of you.(E) He will destroy these nations(F) before you, and you will take possession of their land. Joshua also will cross(G) over ahead of you, as the Lord said. And the Lord will do to them what he did to Sihon and Og,(H) the kings of the Amorites, whom he destroyed along with their land. The Lord will deliver(I) them to you, and you must do to them all that I have commanded you. Be strong and courageous.(J) Do not be afraid or terrified(K) because of them, for the Lord your God goes with you;(L) he will never leave you(M) nor forsake(N) you.”

Then Moses summoned Joshua and said(O) to him in the presence of all Israel, “Be strong and courageous, for you must go with this people into the land that the Lord swore to their ancestors to give them,(P) and you must divide it among them as their inheritance. The Lord himself goes before you and will be with you;(Q) he will never leave you nor forsake you.(R) Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged.”

Public Reading of the Law

So Moses wrote(S) down this law and gave it to the Levitical priests, who carried(T) the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and to all the elders of Israel. 10 Then Moses commanded them: “At the end of every seven years, in the year for canceling debts,(U) during the Festival of Tabernacles,(V) 11 when all Israel comes to appear(W) before the Lord your God at the place he will choose,(X) you shall read this law(Y) before them in their hearing. 12 Assemble the people—men, women and children, and the foreigners residing in your towns—so they can listen and learn(Z) to fear(AA) the Lord your God and follow carefully all the words of this law. 13 Their children,(AB) who do not know this law, must hear it and learn to fear the Lord your God as long as you live in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”

Israel’s Rebellion Predicted

14 The Lord said to Moses, “Now the day of your death(AC) is near. Call Joshua(AD) and present yourselves at the tent of meeting, where I will commission him.(AE)” So Moses and Joshua came and presented themselves at the tent of meeting.(AF)

15 Then the Lord appeared at the tent in a pillar of cloud, and the cloud stood over the entrance to the tent.(AG) 16 And the Lord said to Moses: “You are going to rest with your ancestors,(AH) and these people will soon prostitute(AI) themselves to the foreign gods of the land they are entering. They will forsake(AJ) me and break the covenant I made with them. 17 And in that day I will become angry(AK) with them and forsake(AL) them; I will hide(AM) my face(AN) from them, and they will be destroyed. Many disasters(AO) and calamities will come on them, and in that day they will ask, ‘Have not these disasters come on us because our God is not with us?’(AP) 18 And I will certainly hide my face in that day because of all their wickedness in turning to other gods.

19 “Now write(AQ) down this song and teach it to the Israelites and have them sing it, so that it may be a witness(AR) for me against them. 20 When I have brought them into the land flowing with milk and honey, the land I promised on oath to their ancestors,(AS) and when they eat their fill and thrive, they will turn to other gods(AT) and worship them,(AU) rejecting me and breaking my covenant.(AV) 21 And when many disasters and calamities come on them,(AW) this song will testify against them, because it will not be forgotten by their descendants. I know what they are disposed to do,(AX) even before I bring them into the land I promised them on oath.” 22 So Moses wrote(AY) down this song that day and taught it to the Israelites.

23 The Lord gave this command(AZ) to Joshua son of Nun: “Be strong and courageous,(BA) for you will bring the Israelites into the land I promised them on oath, and I myself will be with you.”

24 After Moses finished writing(BB) in a book the words of this law(BC) from beginning to end, 25 he gave this command to the Levites who carried(BD) the ark of the covenant of the Lord: 26 “Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God. There it will remain as a witness against you.(BE) 27 For I know how rebellious(BF) and stiff-necked(BG) you are. If you have been rebellious against the Lord while I am still alive and with you, how much more will you rebel after I die! 28 Assemble before me all the elders of your tribes and all your officials, so that I can speak these words in their hearing and call the heavens and the earth to testify against them.(BH) 29 For I know that after my death you are sure to become utterly corrupt(BI) and to turn from the way I have commanded you. In days to come, disaster(BJ) will fall on you because you will do evil in the sight of the Lord and arouse his anger by what your hands have made.”

The Song of Moses

30 And Moses recited the words of this song from beginning to end in the hearing of the whole assembly of Israel: