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Is It Better to Be Dead?

Again I saw all the people who were mistreated here on earth.

I saw their tears
    and that they had no one to comfort them.
Cruel people had all the power,
    and there was no one to comfort those they hurt.
I decided that the dead
    are better off than the living.
But those who have never been born
    are better off still;
they have not seen the evil
    that is done here on earth.

Why Work So Hard?

I realized the reason people work hard and try to succeed: They are jealous of each other. This, too, is useless, like chasing the wind.

Some say it is foolish to fold your hands and do nothing,
    because you will starve to death.
Maybe so, but I say it is better to be content
    with what little you have.
Otherwise, you will always be struggling for more,
    and that is like chasing the wind.

Again I saw something here on earth that was useless:
I saw a man who had no family,
    no son or brother.
He always worked hard
    but was never satisfied with what he had.
He never asked himself, “For whom am I working so hard?
    Why don’t I let myself enjoy life?”
This also is very sad and useless.

Friends and Family Give Strength

Two people are better than one,
    because they get more done by working together.
10 If one falls down,
    the other can help him up.
But it is bad for the person who is alone and falls,
    because no one is there to help.
11 If two lie down together, they will be warm,
    but a person alone will not be warm.
12 An enemy might defeat one person,
    but two people together can defend themselves;
a rope that is woven of three strings is hard to break.

Fame and Power Are Useless

13 A poor but wise boy is better than a foolish but old king who doesn’t listen to advice. 14 A boy became king. He had been born poor in the kingdom and had even gone to prison before becoming king. 15 I watched all the people who live on earth follow him and make him their king. 16 Many followed him at first, but later, they did not like him, either. So fame and power are useless, like chasing the wind.

Oppression, Toil, Friendlessness

Again I looked and saw all the oppression(A) that was taking place under the sun:

I saw the tears of the oppressed—
    and they have no comforter;
power was on the side of their oppressors—
    and they have no comforter.(B)
And I declared that the dead,(C)
    who had already died,
are happier than the living,
    who are still alive.(D)
But better than both
    is the one who has never been born,(E)
who has not seen the evil
    that is done under the sun.(F)

And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.(G)

Fools fold their hands(H)
    and ruin themselves.
Better one handful with tranquillity
    than two handfuls with toil(I)
    and chasing after the wind.

Again I saw something meaningless under the sun:

There was a man all alone;
    he had neither son nor brother.
There was no end to his toil,
    yet his eyes were not content(J) with his wealth.
“For whom am I toiling,” he asked,
    “and why am I depriving myself of enjoyment?”
This too is meaningless—
    a miserable business!

Two are better than one,
    because they have a good return for their labor:
10 If either of them falls down,
    one can help the other up.
But pity anyone who falls
    and has no one to help them up.
11 Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm.
    But how can one keep warm alone?
12 Though one may be overpowered,
    two can defend themselves.
A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

Advancement Is Meaningless

13 Better a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer knows how to heed a warning. 14 The youth may have come from prison to the kingship, or he may have been born in poverty within his kingdom. 15 I saw that all who lived and walked under the sun followed the youth, the king’s successor. 16 There was no end to all the people who were before them. But those who came later were not pleased with the successor. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.