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16     (A)terror and dread fell upon them.
By the might of your arm they became silent like stone,
    while your people, Lord, passed over,
    while the people whom you created passed over.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 15:16 Passed over: an allusion to the crossing of the Jordan River (cf. Jos 3–5), written as if the entry into the promised land had already occurred. This verse suggests that at one time there was a ritual enactment of the conquest at a shrine near the Jordan River which included also a celebration of the victory at the sea.

13 He is God and he does not relent;
    the helpers of Rahab[a] bow beneath him.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:13 Rahab: another name for the primeval sea-monster; see notes on 3:8 and Ps 89:11; cf. Jb 7:12; 26:12.

12 By his power he stilled Sea,
    by his skill he crushed Rahab;[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 26:12 Rahab: another name for the primeval sea-monster; see notes on Jb 3:8 and Ps 89:11; cf. also Jb 7:12; 9:13.

13 You stirred up the sea by your might;(A)
    you smashed the heads of the dragons on the waters.(B)

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11 You crush Rahab[a] with a mortal blow;
    with your strong arm you scatter your foes.

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Footnotes

  1. 89:11 Rahab: a mythological sea monster whose name is used in the Bible mainly as a personification of primeval chaos, cf. Jb 9:13; 26:12; Ps 74:13–14; Is 51:9.