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Ezekiel 38
New American Standard Bible

Prophecy about Gog and Future Invasion of Israel

38 Now the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 2 “Son of man, set your face toward (A)Gog of the land of (B)Magog, the (C)chief prince of (D)Meshech and (E)Tubal, and prophesy against him, 3 and say, ‘This is what the Lord [a]God says: “Behold, I am against you, Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. 4 So I will turn you around and put hooks into your jaws, and I will (F)bring you out, and all your army, (G)horses and horsemen, all of them magnificently dressed, a great contingent with shield and [b]buckler, all of them wielding swords; 5 (H)Persia, [c](I)Cush, and (J)Put with them, all of them with buckler and helmet; 6 (K)Gomer with all its troops; (L)Beth-togarmah from the remote parts of the north with all its troops—many peoples with you.

7 “(M)Be ready, and be prepared, you and all your contingents that are assembled around you, and be a guard for them. 8 (N)After many days you will be summoned; in the latter years you will come into the land that is restored from the sword, whose inhabitants have been (O)gathered from many [d]nations to the (P)mountains of Israel which had been a continual place of ruins; but [e]its people were brought out from the [f]nations, and they are (Q)living securely, all of them. 9 And you will go up, you will come (R)like a storm; you will be like a (S)cloud covering the land, you and all your troops, and many peoples with you.”

10 ‘This is what the Lord God says: “It will come about on that day, that [g]thoughts will come into your mind and you will (T)devise an evil plan, 11 and you will say, ‘I will go up against the land of [h](U)unwalled villages. I will go against those who are (V)at rest, who live securely, all of them living without walls and having no bars or gates, 12 to (W)capture spoils and to seize plunder, to turn your hand against the ruins that are now inhabited, and against the people who are gathered from the nations, who have acquired livestock and goods, who live at the [i]center of the world.’ 13 (X)Sheba and (Y)Dedan and the merchants of (Z)Tarshish with all its [j]villages will say to you, ‘Have you come to capture spoils? Have you assembled your contingent to seize plunder, to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods, to capture great (AA)spoils?’”’

14 “Therefore prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog, ‘This is what the Lord God says: “On that day when My people Israel are (AB)living securely, will you not know it? 15 (AC)You will come from your place out of the remote parts of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding horses, a large assembly and a mighty army; 16 and you will come up against My people Israel like a cloud to cover the land. It shall come about in the last days that I will bring you against My land, so that the nations may (AD)know Me when I (AE)show Myself holy through you before their eyes, Gog.”

17 ‘This is what the Lord God says: “Are you the one of whom I spoke in former days through My servants the prophets of Israel, who (AF)prophesied in those days for many years that I would bring you against them? 18 It will come about on that day, when Gog comes against the land of Israel,” declares the Lord God, “that My fury will mount up in My (AG)anger. 19 In My (AH)zeal and in My blazing wrath I declare that on that day there will certainly be a great [k](AI)earthquake in the land of Israel. 20 (AJ)The fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the animals of the field, all the crawling things that crawl on the earth, and all mankind who are on the face of the earth will shake at My presence; and the (AK)mountains will be thrown down, the steep pathways will [l]collapse, and every wall will fall to the ground. 21 And I will call for a (AL)sword against [m]him on all My mountains,” declares the Lord God. “(AM)Every man’s sword will be against his brother. 22 With plague and with blood I will enter into (AN)judgment with him; and I will rain on him and on his troops, and on the many peoples who are with him, [n]a torrential rain, (AO)hailstones, fire, and brimstone. 23 So I will prove Myself great, show Myself holy, and (AP)make Myself known in the sight of many nations; and they will know that I am the Lord.”’

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 38:3 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord, and so throughout the ch
  2. Ezekiel 38:4 I.e., small shield
  3. Ezekiel 38:5 Or Ethiopia
  4. Ezekiel 38:8 Lit peoples
  5. Ezekiel 38:8 Lit it was
  6. Ezekiel 38:8 Lit peoples
  7. Ezekiel 38:10 Lit words
  8. Ezekiel 38:11 Or open country
  9. Ezekiel 38:12 Lit navel
  10. Ezekiel 38:13 As in ancient versions; MT young lions
  11. Ezekiel 38:19 Or shaking
  12. Ezekiel 38:20 Lit fall
  13. Ezekiel 38:21 I.e., Gog
  14. Ezekiel 38:22 Lit an overflowing
Close NET

Ezekiel 38
New English Translation

A Prophecy Against Gog

38 The Lord’s message came to me: 2 “Son of man, turn toward[a] Gog,[b] of the land of Magog,[c] the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal.[d] Prophesy against him 3 and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Look, I am against you,[e] Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. 4 I will turn you around, put hooks into your jaws, and bring you out with all your army, horses, and horsemen, all of them fully armed, a great company with shields of different types,[f] all of them armed with swords. 5 Persia,[g] Ethiopia, and Put[h] are with them, all of them with shields and helmets. 6 They are joined by[i] Gomer with all its troops, and by Beth Togarmah from the remote parts of the north with all its troops—many peoples are with you.[j]

7 “‘Be ready and stay ready, you and all your companies assembled around you, and be a guard for them.[k] 8 After many days you will be summoned; in the latter years you will come to a land restored from the ravages of war,[l] from many peoples gathered on the mountains of Israel that had long been in ruins. Its people[m] were brought out from the peoples, and all of them will be living securely. 9 You will advance;[n] you will come like a storm. You will be like a cloud covering the earth, you, all your troops, and the many other peoples with you.

10 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: On that day thoughts will come into your mind,[o] and you will devise an evil plan. 11 You will say, “I will invade[p] a land of unwalled towns; I will advance against[q] those living quietly in security—all of them living without walls and barred gates— 12 to loot and plunder, to attack[r] the inhabited ruins and the people gathered from the nations, who are acquiring cattle and goods, who live at the center[s] of the earth.” 13 Sheba and Dedan and the traders of Tarshish with all its young warriors[t] will say to you, “Have you come to loot? Have you assembled your armies to plunder, to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to haul away a great amount of spoils?”’

14 “Therefore, prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: On that day when my people Israel are living securely, you will take notice[u] 15 and come from your place, from the remote parts of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding on horses, a great company and a vast army. 16 You will advance[v] against my people Israel like a cloud covering the earth. In future days I will bring you against my land so that the nations may acknowledge me, when before their eyes I magnify myself[w] through you, O Gog.

17 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Are you the one of whom I spoke in former days by my servants[x] the prophets of Israel, who prophesied in those days[y] that I would bring you against them? 18 On that day, when Gog invades[z] the land of Israel, declares the Sovereign Lord, my rage will mount up in my anger. 19 In my zeal, in the fire of my fury,[aa] I declare that on that day there will be a great earthquake[ab] in the land of Israel. 20 The fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the wild beasts, all the things that creep on the ground, and all people who live on the face of the earth will shake[ac] at my presence. The mountains will topple, the cliffs[ad] will fall, and every wall will fall to the ground. 21 I will call for a sword to attack[ae] Gog[af] on all my mountains, declares the Sovereign Lord; every man’s sword will be against his brother. 22 I will judge him with plague and bloodshed. I will rain down on him, his troops, and the many peoples who are with him a torrential downpour, hailstones, fire, and brimstone. 23 I will exalt and magnify myself; I will reveal myself before many nations. Then they will know that I am the Lord.’

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 38:2 tn Heb “set your face against.”
  2. Ezekiel 38:2 sn This may refer to a Lydian king in western Asia Minor in the seventh century b.c. Apart from Ezek 38-39, the only other biblical reference to this king/nation is in Rev 20:8. For a study of the names appearing in this verse, see E. Yamauchi, Foes From the Northern Frontier, 19-27.
  3. Ezekiel 38:2 sn One of the sons of Japheth according to Gen 10:2 and 1 Chr 1:5.
  4. Ezekiel 38:2 tn Heb “the prince, the chief of Meshech and Tubal.” Some translate “the prince of Rosh, Meshech and Tubal,” but it is more likely that the Hebrew noun in question is a common noun in apposition to “prince,” rather than a proper name. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:434-35. As Block demonstrates, attempts by some popular writers to identify these proper names with later geographical sites in Russia are anachronistic. See as well E. Yamauchi, Foes From the Northern Frontier, 19-27. sn Meshech and Tubal were two nations in Cappadocia of Asia Minor. They were also sons of Japheth (Gen 10:2; 1 Chr 1:5).
  5. Ezekiel 38:3 tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘hinnenî ’êlékâ’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8.
  6. Ezekiel 38:4 sn The Hebrew text mentions two different types of shields here.
  7. Ezekiel 38:5 tn D. I. Block prefers to see the Hebrew word as referring here to a western ally of Egypt or as an alternative spelling for Pathros, that is, Upper Egypt. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:439-40.
  8. Ezekiel 38:5 sn That is, Lybia.
  9. Ezekiel 38:6 tn The words “they are joined by” are added in the translation for purposes of English style.
  10. Ezekiel 38:6 sn The seven-nation coalition represents the north (Meshech, Tubal, Gomer, Beth Togarmah), the south/west (Ethiopia, Put) and the east (Persia). The use of the sevenfold list suggests completeness. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:441.
  11. Ezekiel 38:7 tn The second person singular verbal and pronominal forms in the Hebrew text indicate that Gog is addressed here.
  12. Ezekiel 38:8 tn Heb “from the sword.”
  13. Ezekiel 38:8 tn Heb “it.”
  14. Ezekiel 38:9 tn Heb “go up.”
  15. Ezekiel 38:10 tn Heb “words will go up upon your heart.”
  16. Ezekiel 38:11 tn Heb “go up against.”
  17. Ezekiel 38:11 tn Heb “come (to).”
  18. Ezekiel 38:12 tn Heb “to turn your hand against.”
  19. Ezekiel 38:12 tn The Hebrew term occurs elsewhere only in Judg 9:37. Perhaps it means “high point, top.”
  20. Ezekiel 38:13 tn Heb “young lions.”
  21. Ezekiel 38:14 tn The Hebrew text is framed as a rhetorical question: “will you not take notice?”
  22. Ezekiel 38:16 tn Heb “come up.”
  23. Ezekiel 38:16 tn Or “reveal my holiness.”
  24. Ezekiel 38:17 tn Heb “by the hand of my servants.”
  25. Ezekiel 38:17 tn The Hebrew text adds “years” here, but this is probably a scribal gloss on the preceding phrase. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:201.
  26. Ezekiel 38:18 tn Heb “goes up against.”
  27. Ezekiel 38:19 sn The phrase “in the fire of my fury” occurs in Ezek 21:31 and 22:21, 31.
  28. Ezekiel 38:19 tn Or “shaking.”
  29. Ezekiel 38:20 tn Or “tremble.”
  30. Ezekiel 38:20 tn The term occurs only here and in Song of Songs 2:14.
  31. Ezekiel 38:21 tn Heb “against.”
  32. Ezekiel 38:21 tn Heb “him”; the referent (Gog, cf. v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
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