Later Hostility. ⁶ In the reign of Ahasuerus,^[a] at the beginning of his reign, they prepared a written accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.

^7 [b]Again, in the time of Artaxerxes, Tabeel and the rest of his fellow officials, in concert with Mithredath, wrote to Artaxerxes, king of Persia. The document was written in Aramaic and was accompanied by a translation.

^8 [c]Then Rehum, the governor, and Shimshai, the scribe, wrote the following letter against Jerusalem to King Artaxerxes: ⁹ “Rehum, the governor, Shimshai, the scribe, and their fellow officials, judges, legates, and agents from among the Persians, Urukians, Babylonians, Susians (that is, Elamites), ¹⁰ and the other peoples whom the great and illustrious Osnappar^[d] transported and settled in the city of Samaria and elsewhere in the province West-of-Euphrates, as follows….” ¹¹ This is a copy of the letter that they sent to him:

“To King Artaxerxes, your servants, the men of West-of-Euphrates, as follows: ¹² Let it be known to the king that the Jews who came up from you to us have arrived at Jerusalem and are now rebuilding this rebellious and evil city. They are completing its walls, and the foundations have already been laid. ¹³ Now let it be known to the king that if this city is rebuilt and its walls completed, they will no longer pay taxes, tributes, or tolls; eventually the throne will be harmed. ¹⁴ Now, since we eat the salt of the palace^[e] and it is not fitting for us to look on while the king is being dishonored, we have sent this message to inform the king, ¹⁵ so that inquiry may be made in the historical records of your fathers. In the historical records you will discover and verify that this is a rebellious city, harmful to kings and provinces; its people have been acting seditiously there since ancient times. That is why this city was destroyed. ¹⁶ We therefore inform the king, that if this city is rebuilt and its walls completed again, you will thereupon not have a portion in the province West-of-Euphrates.”

¹⁷ The king sent this answer: “To Rehum, the governor, Shimshai, the scribe, and their fellow officials living in Samaria and elsewhere in the province West-of-Euphrates, greetings: ¹⁸ The communication which you sent us has been read in translation in my presence. ¹⁹ When at my command inquiry was made, it was verified that from ancient times this city has risen up against kings and that rebellion and sedition have been fostered there. ²⁰ Powerful kings once ruled in Jerusalem who controlled all West-of-Euphrates, and taxes, tributes, and tolls were paid to them. ²¹ Give orders, therefore, to stop these men. This city may not be rebuilt until a further decree has been issued by me. ²² Take care that you do not neglect this matter. Why should evil increase to harm the throne?”

^23 (A)As soon as a copy of King Artaxerxes’ letter had been read before Rehum, the governor, Shimshai, the scribe, and their fellow officials, they immediately went to the Jews in Jerusalem and stopped their work by force of arms.