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10 His kingdom originated in Babylon, Erech and Accad, all of them in the land of Shinar.[a] 11 From that land he went forth to Assyria, where he built Nineveh, Rehoboth-Ir[b] and Calah, 12 as well as Resen, between Nineveh and Calah,[c] the latter being the principal city.

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Footnotes

  1. 10:10 Shinar: the land of ancient Babylonia, embracing Sumer and Akkad, present-day southern Iraq, mentioned also in 11:2; 14:1.
  2. 10:11 Rehoboth-Ir: lit., “wide-streets city,” was probably not the name of another city, but an epithet of Nineveh; cf. Jon 3:3.
  3. 10:12 Calah: Assyrian Kalhu, the capital of Assyria in the ninth century B.C.

10 The first centers of his kingdom were Babylon,(A) Uruk,(B) Akkad and Kalneh,(C) in[a] Shinar.[b](D) 11 From that land he went to Assyria,(E) where he built Nineveh,(F) Rehoboth Ir,[c] Calah 12 and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah—which is the great city.

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:10 Or Uruk and Akkad—all of them in
  2. Genesis 10:10 That is, Babylonia
  3. Genesis 10:11 Or Nineveh with its city squares