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Chapter 10

Social Injustice

Woe to those who enact unjust laws
    and enforce oppressive statutes,
thereby depriving the needy of justice,
    and making it impossible for the poorest of my people
    to have their rights upheld,
as they plunder the widow
    and make the orphans their prey.
What will you do on the day of punishment
    when disaster befalls you from afar?
To whom will you flee for help,
    and where will you leave your riches,
so that you can avoid cowering among the captives
    or falling among the slain?
Yet after all this, his wrath has not abated;
    his hand is still outstretched.

The Lord Punishes the King of Assyria

    [a]Woe to Assyria, the rod of my anger;
    the club in their hands is my fury.
Against a godless people I send him forth,
    against a nation who aroused my wrath,
commanding him to pillage and plunder
    and to trample on them like mud in the street.
But this is not his intention,
    nor does he have this in mind.
His only thought is complete destruction
    and to liquidate as many nations as possible.
For he says,
    “Are not my commanders all kings?
Is not Calno like Carchemish?
    Is not Hamath like Arpad?
    Is not Samaria like Damascus?[b]
10 My hand has overcome idolatrous kingdoms
    that had more images than Jerusalem and Samaria.
11 As I did to Samaria and her idols,
    shall I not also do to Jerusalem and her images?”

12 When the Lord has completed all his work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, he will punish the king of Assyria for his arrogant boasts and his haughty demeanor, 13 because that king had said,

“By my own power I have accomplished all this,
    and also by my wisdom, for I have great intelligence.
I have wiped out the boundaries of nations
    and have plundered their treasures;
    like a giant I have subjugated their inhabitants.
14 My hand has discovered a nest
    in which the riches of the nation have been stored.
And as one gathers eggs that have been abandoned,
    so I have collected the entire world;
not one fluttered a wing
    or opened a beak to chirp.”
15 Does the ax consider itself more important
    than the man who swings it,
or does the saw claim greater credit
    than the man who uses it?
No sword can control the man who yields it,
    nor can a club have power over the one who raises it.
16 Therefore, the Lord, the Lord of hosts,
    will afflict a debilitating illness on his sturdy warriors,
and beneath his glory a fever will be kindled
    like the burning of fire.
17 The Light of Israel will become a fire
    and its Holy One a flame
that in a single day
    will burn up and consume
    his thorns and his briers.
18 His splendid forests and orchards
    will be totally destroyed, both body and soul,
    as when an invalid wastes away.
19 What remains of the trees of the forest
    will be so few
that any young child
    will be able to record their number.
20 [c]When that day arrives,
    the remnant of Israel
    and the survivors of the house of Jacob
will cease to rely upon the one who struck them[d]
    and will rather place their trust in the Lord,
    the Holy One of Israel.
21 A remnant will return, the remnant of Jacob,
    to the mighty God.
22 Although your people, O Israel,
    may be as numerous as the sands of the sea,
    only a remnant of them will return.
Destruction has been decreed
    as righteousness and justice demand.
23 For throughout the entire land
    the Lord God of hosts will enforce
    the final destruction that has been decreed.

24 Therefore, the Lord God of hosts says this:

O my people who dwell in Zion,
    do not be afraid of the Assyrians,
even when they beat you with a rod
    and raise their staff against you
    as the Egyptians did.
25 For it will be only a short time
    until my wrath will subside
    and I will direct my anger to their destruction.
26 Then the Lord of hosts will inflict his retribution
    as he did when he struck Midian at the rock of Oreb,
and he will raise his staff over the sea
    as he did against Egypt.
27 On that day
    his burden will be removed from your shoulder
and his yoke will be broken
    and fall from your neck.

Sennacherib’s Assault[e]

Sennacherib and his army have come up from Rimmon,
28     and they have come to Aiath.
They have passed through Migron
    and stored their supplies at Michmash.
29 Once they crossed the ravine,
    they camped for the night at Geba.
Ramah is terrified,
    Gibeah of Saul has fled.
30 Cry out loudly, Bath-gallim!
    Listen carefully, Laishah!
    Answer her, Anathoth!
31 Madmenah is in flight;
    the inhabitants of Gebim have sought cover.
32 This day Sennacherib will halt at Nob
    and shake his fist
at the mount of daughter Zion,
    the hill of Jerusalem.
33 Behold, the Lord God of hosts
    will sever the boughs with frightening power.
The tallest trees will be cut down
    and the lofty ones will be laid low.
34 The thickets of the forest he will demolish with an ax,
    and Lebanon will fall at the onslaught of the Mighty One.

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 10:5 We are now in a different period, perhaps 701 B.C. It is already twenty years since the northern kingdom was destroyed. Judah in turn is about to succumb (Isa 36–39).
  2. Isaiah 10:9 Some fortified cities of Syria are listed that have already been subdued by the Assyrians in earlier wars.
  3. Isaiah 10:20 The trial is a hard one, but the promise remains (see Isa 7:3 and the symbolic name of Isaiah’s elder son: Shear-jashub, which means “a remnant will return”).
  4. Isaiah 10:20 Who struck them: in 734 B.C., Ahaz had imprudently asked the Assyrians for help.
  5. Isaiah 10:27 The places listed were all north of Jerusalem.

10 Woe(A) to those who make unjust laws,
    to those who issue oppressive decrees,(B)
to deprive(C) the poor of their rights
    and withhold justice from the oppressed of my people,(D)
making widows their prey
    and robbing the fatherless.(E)
What will you do on the day of reckoning,(F)
    when disaster(G) comes from afar?
To whom will you run for help?(H)
    Where will you leave your riches?
Nothing will remain but to cringe among the captives(I)
    or fall among the slain.(J)

Yet for all this, his anger is not turned away,(K)
    his hand is still upraised.

God’s Judgment on Assyria

“Woe(L) to the Assyrian,(M) the rod(N) of my anger,
    in whose hand is the club(O) of my wrath!(P)
I send him against a godless(Q) nation,
    I dispatch(R) him against a people who anger me,(S)
to seize loot and snatch plunder,(T)
    and to trample(U) them down like mud in the streets.
But this is not what he intends,(V)
    this is not what he has in mind;
his purpose is to destroy,
    to put an end to many nations.
‘Are not my commanders(W) all kings?’ he says.
    ‘Has not Kalno(X) fared like Carchemish?(Y)
Is not Hamath(Z) like Arpad,(AA)
    and Samaria(AB) like Damascus?(AC)
10 As my hand seized the kingdoms of the idols,(AD)
    kingdoms whose images excelled those of Jerusalem and Samaria—
11 shall I not deal with Jerusalem and her images
    as I dealt with Samaria and her idols?(AE)’”

12 When the Lord has finished all his work(AF) against Mount Zion(AG) and Jerusalem, he will say, “I will punish the king of Assyria(AH) for the willful pride(AI) of his heart and the haughty look(AJ) in his eyes. 13 For he says:

“‘By the strength of my hand(AK) I have done this,(AL)
    and by my wisdom, because I have understanding.
I removed the boundaries of nations,
    I plundered their treasures;(AM)
    like a mighty one I subdued[a] their kings.(AN)
14 As one reaches into a nest,(AO)
    so my hand reached for the wealth(AP) of the nations;
as people gather abandoned eggs,
    so I gathered all the countries;(AQ)
not one flapped a wing,
    or opened its mouth to chirp.(AR)’”

15 Does the ax raise itself above the person who swings it,
    or the saw boast against the one who uses it?(AS)
As if a rod were to wield the person who lifts it up,
    or a club(AT) brandish the one who is not wood!
16 Therefore, the Lord, the Lord Almighty,
    will send a wasting disease(AU) upon his sturdy warriors;(AV)
under his pomp(AW) a fire(AX) will be kindled
    like a blazing flame.
17 The Light of Israel will become a fire,(AY)
    their Holy One(AZ) a flame;
in a single day it will burn and consume
    his thorns(BA) and his briers.(BB)
18 The splendor of his forests(BC) and fertile fields
    it will completely destroy,(BD)
    as when a sick person wastes away.
19 And the remaining trees of his forests(BE) will be so few(BF)
    that a child could write them down.

The Remnant of Israel

20 In that day(BG) the remnant of Israel,
    the survivors(BH) of Jacob,
will no longer rely(BI) on him
    who struck them down(BJ)
but will truly rely(BK) on the Lord,
    the Holy One of Israel.(BL)
21 A remnant(BM) will return,[b](BN) a remnant of Jacob
    will return to the Mighty God.(BO)
22 Though your people be like the sand(BP) by the sea, Israel,
    only a remnant will return.(BQ)
Destruction has been decreed,(BR)
    overwhelming and righteous.
23 The Lord, the Lord Almighty, will carry out
    the destruction decreed(BS) upon the whole land.(BT)

24 Therefore this is what the Lord, the Lord Almighty, says:

“My people who live in Zion,(BU)
    do not be afraid(BV) of the Assyrians,
who beat(BW) you with a rod(BX)
    and lift up a club against you, as Egypt did.
25 Very soon(BY) my anger against you will end
    and my wrath(BZ) will be directed to their destruction.(CA)

26 The Lord Almighty will lash(CB) them with a whip,
    as when he struck down Midian(CC) at the rock of Oreb;
and he will raise his staff(CD) over the waters,(CE)
    as he did in Egypt.
27 In that day(CF) their burden(CG) will be lifted from your shoulders,
    their yoke(CH) from your neck;(CI)
the yoke(CJ) will be broken
    because you have grown so fat.[c]

28 They enter Aiath;
    they pass through Migron;(CK)
    they store supplies(CL) at Mikmash.(CM)
29 They go over the pass, and say,
    “We will camp overnight at Geba.(CN)
Ramah(CO) trembles;
    Gibeah(CP) of Saul flees.(CQ)
30 Cry out, Daughter Gallim!(CR)
    Listen, Laishah!
    Poor Anathoth!(CS)
31 Madmenah is in flight;
    the people of Gebim take cover.
32 This day they will halt at Nob;(CT)
    they will shake their fist(CU)
at the mount of Daughter Zion,(CV)
    at the hill of Jerusalem.

33 See, the Lord, the Lord Almighty,
    will lop off(CW) the boughs with great power.
The lofty trees will be felled,(CX)
    the tall(CY) ones will be brought low.(CZ)
34 He will cut down(DA) the forest thickets with an ax;
    Lebanon(DB) will fall before the Mighty One.(DC)

Footnotes

  1. Isaiah 10:13 Or treasures; / I subdued the mighty,
  2. Isaiah 10:21 Hebrew shear-jashub (see 7:3 and note); also in verse 22
  3. Isaiah 10:27 Hebrew; Septuagint broken / from your shoulders