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12 How you have fallen from the heavens,
    O Morning Star,[a] son of the dawn!
How you have been cut down to the earth,
    you who conquered nations!(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 14:12 Morning Star: term addressed to the king of Babylon. The Vulgate translates as “Lucifer,” a name applied by the church Fathers to Satan. Son of the dawn: Heb., ben shahar, may reflect the name of a pagan deity.

12 How you have fallen(A) from heaven,
    morning star,(B) son of the dawn!
You have been cast down to the earth,
    you who once laid low the nations!(C)

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