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The Humiliation of the Daughter of Zion[a]

How lonely the city sits, which once was full of people!
She, who was great among the nations, is now a widow.
    She, who was a princess among the provinces, now works as a slave.
At night she weeps bitterly, and her tears linger on her cheek.
    Not one of her lovers is there to comfort her.
    All her friends have betrayed her. They are now her enemies.
Judah has gone into exile. She endures affliction and harsh labor.
    She lives among the nations. She finds no rest.
    All her pursuers caught up with her when she was in great distress.
The roads to Zion are mourning,
    because there are no travelers going to the appointed assemblies.
    All her gates are deserted. Her priests groan.
    Her virgins grieve. Her grief is bitter.
Her foes have risen to the top. Her enemies prosper.
    Because of her many acts of rebellion, the Lord has brought grief to her.
    Her children have gone into captivity in the presence of the foe.
The daughter of Zion[b] has lost all her splendor.
    Her officials have become like deer that find no pasture.
    Powerless, they fled before[c] the pursuer.
Jerusalem remembers the days of her affliction and her homeless wandering.
    She remembers all her precious things which were hers from long ago.
    When her people fell under the hand of the foe, there was no one to help her.
    Foes saw her and laughed at the end she has come to.
Jerusalem has sinned terribly, so she is unclean.[d]
    All who once honored her now despise her, because they have seen her nakedness.
    She can only sigh and turn away.
Her flow of blood stains her skirt. She did not consider the outcome of her sin.
    Her collapse was astonishing. There was no one to comfort her.
    Look, Lord, at my affliction, for the enemy has done awful things.
10 The foe has laid hands on all her precious things.
    She has even seen nations enter her sanctuary,
    nations about whom you commanded, “They shall not enter your assembly.”
11 All her people are sighing as they search for bread.
    They traded their precious things for food in order to stay alive.
    Look, Lord, and see that I have become despised.
12 But nothing like this is happening to you, all you who pass me by.[e]
    Look and see if there is any pain like my pain, which was dealt out to me,
    which the Lord caused me to suffer on the day of his burning anger.
13 From on high he sent fire into my bones and overpowered[f] me.
    He spread a net for my feet. He turned me back.
    He made me desolate. I was sick all day long.
14 The yoke of my sinful rebellion is fastened to my neck.
    My sins are bound together by his hand.
    They have risen up as high as my neck. He has weakened my strength.[g]
    The Lord has given me into the hands of people I cannot resist.
15 The Lord has tossed aside all the strong men in my midst.
    He called an assembly against me to break my best young men.
    The Lord has trampled the virgin daughter of Judah in a winepress.
16 Because of these things, I am weeping. My eye, my eye flows with water,
    because the comforter, the one who restores my soul, is far away from me.
    My children have become desolate, because the enemy has prevailed.
17 Zion spreads out her hands, but there is no one to comfort her.
    The Lord has commanded those who surround Jacob to be his foes.
    Among them, Jerusalem has become an unclean thing.
18 The Lord is righteous. I am the one who rebelled against the word from his mouth.
    Please listen, all you peoples, and see my pain.
    My virgins and my best young men have gone into captivity.
19 I called to my lovers, but they deceived me.
    My priests and my elders perished in the city,
    as they sought food for themselves to restore their lives.
20 See, Lord, I am in distress. My emotions are in turmoil.
    My heart turns over inside me, because I have been very rebellious.
    Outside, the sword takes away my children.
    Inside, there is death.
21 People have heard that I am groaning. There is no one who comforts me.
    All my enemies have heard about my misery, and they rejoiced that you did this.
    Bring on the day that you have announced, so that they may become like me.
22 May all their wickedness come before you. Deal harshly with them,
    just as you dealt harshly with me because of all my rebellion.
    Yes, my groans are many, and my heart is sick.

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:1 This chapter is an alphabetic acrostic. The 22 successive verses begin with the 22 successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
  2. Lamentations 1:6 The phrase daughter of Zion is a personification of Jerusalem and her people. Daughter of Jerusalem and daughter of Judah are the same figure of speech.
  3. Lamentations 1:6 Or they were too weak to escape from
  4. Lamentations 1:8 The Hebrew term refers to ceremonial impurity caused by blood. Compare verse 9.
  5. Lamentations 1:12 Or is all this nothing to you, all you who pass me by?
  6. Lamentations 1:13 Or it came down on
  7. Lamentations 1:14 This verse is difficult.

[a]How deserted(A) lies the city,
    once so full of people!(B)
How like a widow(C) is she,
    who once was great(D) among the nations!
She who was queen among the provinces
    has now become a slave.(E)

Bitterly she weeps(F) at night,
    tears are on her cheeks.
Among all her lovers(G)
    there is no one to comfort her.
All her friends have betrayed(H) her;
    they have become her enemies.(I)

After affliction and harsh labor,
    Judah has gone into exile.(J)
She dwells among the nations;
    she finds no resting place.(K)
All who pursue her have overtaken her(L)
    in the midst of her distress.

The roads to Zion mourn,(M)
    for no one comes to her appointed festivals.
All her gateways are desolate,(N)
    her priests groan,
her young women grieve,
    and she is in bitter anguish.(O)

Her foes have become her masters;
    her enemies are at ease.
The Lord has brought her grief(P)
    because of her many sins.(Q)
Her children have gone into exile,(R)
    captive before the foe.(S)

All the splendor has departed
    from Daughter Zion.(T)
Her princes are like deer
    that find no pasture;
in weakness they have fled(U)
    before the pursuer.

In the days of her affliction and wandering
    Jerusalem remembers all the treasures
    that were hers in days of old.
When her people fell into enemy hands,
    there was no one to help her.(V)
Her enemies looked at her
    and laughed(W) at her destruction.

Jerusalem has sinned(X) greatly
    and so has become unclean.(Y)
All who honored her despise her,
    for they have all seen her naked;(Z)
she herself groans(AA)
    and turns away.

Her filthiness clung to her skirts;
    she did not consider her future.(AB)
Her fall(AC) was astounding;
    there was none to comfort(AD) her.
“Look, Lord, on my affliction,(AE)
    for the enemy has triumphed.”

10 The enemy laid hands
    on all her treasures;(AF)
she saw pagan nations
    enter her sanctuary(AG)
those you had forbidden(AH)
    to enter your assembly.

11 All her people groan(AI)
    as they search for bread;(AJ)
they barter their treasures for food
    to keep themselves alive.
“Look, Lord, and consider,
    for I am despised.”

12 “Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by?(AK)
    Look around and see.
Is any suffering like my suffering(AL)
    that was inflicted on me,
that the Lord brought on me
    in the day of his fierce anger?(AM)

13 “From on high he sent fire,
    sent it down into my bones.(AN)
He spread a net(AO) for my feet
    and turned me back.
He made me desolate,(AP)
    faint(AQ) all the day long.

14 “My sins have been bound into a yoke[b];(AR)
    by his hands they were woven together.
They have been hung on my neck,
    and the Lord has sapped my strength.
He has given me into the hands(AS)
    of those I cannot withstand.

15 “The Lord has rejected
    all the warriors in my midst;(AT)
he has summoned an army(AU) against me
    to[c] crush my young men.(AV)
In his winepress(AW) the Lord has trampled(AX)
    Virgin Daughter(AY) Judah.

16 “This is why I weep
    and my eyes overflow with tears.(AZ)
No one is near to comfort(BA) me,
    no one to restore my spirit.
My children are destitute
    because the enemy has prevailed.”(BB)

17 Zion stretches out her hands,(BC)
    but there is no one to comfort her.
The Lord has decreed for Jacob
    that his neighbors become his foes;(BD)
Jerusalem has become
    an unclean(BE) thing(BF) among them.

18 “The Lord is righteous,(BG)
    yet I rebelled(BH) against his command.
Listen, all you peoples;
    look on my suffering.(BI)
My young men and young women
    have gone into exile.(BJ)

19 “I called to my allies(BK)
    but they betrayed me.
My priests and my elders
    perished(BL) in the city
while they searched for food
    to keep themselves alive.

20 “See, Lord, how distressed(BM) I am!
    I am in torment(BN) within,
and in my heart I am disturbed,(BO)
    for I have been most rebellious.(BP)
Outside, the sword bereaves;
    inside, there is only death.(BQ)

21 “People have heard my groaning,(BR)
    but there is no one to comfort me.(BS)
All my enemies have heard of my distress;
    they rejoice(BT) at what you have done.
May you bring the day(BU) you have announced
    so they may become like me.

22 “Let all their wickedness come before you;
    deal with them
as you have dealt with me
    because of all my sins.(BV)
My groans(BW) are many
    and my heart is faint.”

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, the verses of which begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
  2. Lamentations 1:14 Most Hebrew manuscripts; many Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint He kept watch over my sins
  3. Lamentations 1:15 Or has set a time for me / when he will