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Leviticus 23
Lexham English Bible

Yahweh’s Feasts

23 Then[a] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the Israelites,[b] and say to them, ‘The festivals of Yahweh that you shall proclaim are holy assemblies; these are my appointed times.

Yahweh’s Sabbath

3 “‘For six days work is to be done, and on the seventh day shall be a Sabbath of complete rest,[c] a holy assembly; you shall not do any work; it shall be a Sabbath for Yahweh in all your dwellings.

The Passover

4 “‘These are Yahweh’s appointed times, holy assemblies, which you shall proclaim at[d] their appointed time. 5 In the first month, on the fourteenth of the month at the evening is Yahweh’s Passover. 6 And on the fifteenth day of this month is Yahweh’s Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day there shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work.[e] 8 And you shall present an offering for Yahweh made by fire for seven days; on the seventh day there shall be a holy assembly; you shall not do any regular work.’”[f]

The Feast of Firstfruits

9 Then[g] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 10 “Speak to the Israelites,[h] and say to them, ‘When you come to the land that I am about to give to you and you reap its harvest, then[i] you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruit of your harvest to the priest. 11 And he shall wave the sheaf before[j] Yahweh for your acceptance; the priest shall wave it on the day after[k] the Sabbath. 12 And on the day of your waving the sheaf you shall offer[l] a yearling[m] male lamb without defect as a burnt offering to Yahweh. 13 And its grain offering shall be two-tenths of an ephah[n] of finely milled flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire for Yahweh, an appeasing fragrance; and its libation shall be a fourth of a hin[o] of wine. 14 And you shall not eat bread or[p] roasted grain or[q] ripe grain until this very same day,[r] until you present your God’s offering. This must be a lasting statute[s] for your generations in all your dwellings.

The Feast of Weeks

15 “‘And you shall count for yourselves from the day after[t] the Sabbath, from the day of your bringing the wave offering’s sheaf—there shall be seven full weeks. 16 Until the day after[u] the seventh Sabbath you shall count fifty days; then[v] you shall present a new grain offering for Yahweh. 17 You shall bring from your dwellings for a wave offering two loaves of bread made with[w] two-tenths of an ephah[x] of finely milled flour; they must be baked with leaven—the firstfruits belonging to[y] Yahweh. 18 And, in addition to the bread, you shall present seven yearling[z] male lambs without defects and one young bull[aa] and two rams—they shall be a burnt offering for Yahweh with[ab] their grain offering and their libations, an offering made by fire, an appeasing fragrance for Yahweh. 19 And you shall offer[ac] one he-goat as a sin offering and two yearling[ad] male lambs as a sacrifice of fellowship offerings. 20 And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits as a wave offering before[ae] Yahweh; in addition to the two male lambs, they shall be holy for Yahweh for the priest. 21 And you shall make a proclamation[af] on this very same day;[ag] it shall be a holy assembly for you; you shall not do any regular work;[ah] this is a lasting statute[ai] in all your dwellings throughout[aj] your generations. 22 And when you[ak] reap the harvest of your[al] land, you[am] must not finish the edge of your[an] field at your reaping, and you[ao] must not glean the remnants of your[ap] harvest—you[aq] shall leave them behind for the needy and for the alien; I am Yahweh your[ar] God.’”

The Feast of Trumpets

23 Then[as] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 24 “Speak to the Israelites,[at] saying, ‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you must have[au] a rest period, a remembrance of the trumpet blast, a holy assembly. 25 You must not do any regular work,[av] and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh.’”

The Day of Atonement

26 Then[aw] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “Surely the Day of Atonement is on the tenth day of the seventh month; it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall deny yourselves, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 28 And you must not do any regular work[ax] on this very same day,[ay] because it is the Day of Atonement to make atonement for you before[az] Yahweh your God. 29 If there is any person who does not deny himself on this very same day,[ba] then[bb] he shall be cut off from his people. 30 As for[bc] any person who does any work on this very same day,[bd] I will exterminate that person from the midst of his people. 31 You must not do any work; it is a lasting statute[be] throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It is a Sabbath of complete rest[bf] for you, and you shall deny yourselves on the ninth day of the month in the evening—from evening to evening you must observe your extraordinary[bg] Sabbath.”

The Feast of Booths

33 Then[bh] Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 34 “Speak to the Israelites,[bi] saying, ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, this shall be the Feast of Booths for seven days for Yahweh. 35 On the first day there shall be a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work.[bj] 36 For seven days you must present an offering made by fire to Yahweh. On the eighth day it shall be a holy assembly for you, and you shall present an offering made by fire to Yahweh; it is a celebration; you must not do any regular work.[bk]

Summary

37 “‘These are Yahweh’s festivals, which you must proclaim, holy assemblies to present an offering made by fire to Yahweh—burnt offering and grain offering, sacrifice and libations, each on its proper day[bl]— 38 besides[bm] Yahweh’s Sabbaths and besides[bn] your gifts and besides[bo] your vows and besides[bp] all your freewill offerings that you give to Yahweh.

39 “‘Surely on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, at your gathering the land’s produce, you shall hold Yahweh’s festival for seven days; on the first day there shall be a rest period and on the eighth day a rest period. 40 And on the first day you shall take for yourselves the first fruit of majestic trees, branches of palm trees and branches[bq] of a leafy tree and of a brook’s poplar trees, and you shall rejoice before[br] Yahweh your God for seven days. 41 And you must hold it as a festival for Yahweh for seven days in the year; it shall be a lasting statute[bs] throughout your generations; in the seventh month you must hold it. 42 You must live in the booths for seven days; all the natives in Israel must live in the booths, 43 so that your generations shall know that I made the Israelites[bt] live in booths when I brought them from the land of Egypt; I am Yahweh your God.’”

44 Thus[bu] Moses announced to the Israelites[bv] Yahweh’s appointed times.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 23:1 Or “And”
  2. Leviticus 23:2 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  3. Leviticus 23:3 Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
  4. Leviticus 23:4 Or “on”
  5. Leviticus 23:7 Literally “all work of labor”
  6. Leviticus 23:8 Literally “all work of labor”
  7. Leviticus 23:9 Or “And”
  8. Leviticus 23:10 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  9. Leviticus 23:10 Or “and”
  10. Leviticus 23:11 Literally “to the faces of”
  11. Leviticus 23:11 Literally “from the next day of”
  12. Leviticus 23:12 Or “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
  13. Leviticus 23:12 Literally “a son of its year”
  14. Leviticus 23:13 Supplied by context
  15. Leviticus 23:13 Hebrew “the hin”
  16. Leviticus 23:14 Or “and”
  17. Leviticus 23:14 Or “and”
  18. Leviticus 23:14 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  19. Leviticus 23:14 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  20. Leviticus 23:15 Literally “from the next day of”
  21. Leviticus 23:16 Literally “from the next day of”
  22. Leviticus 23:16 Or “and”
  23. Leviticus 23:17 Literally “they shall be”
  24. Leviticus 23:17 Supplied by context
  25. Leviticus 23:17 Literally “to”
  26. Leviticus 23:18 Literally “a son of its year”
  27. Leviticus 23:18 Literally “a bull a son of cattle”
  28. Leviticus 23:18 Or “and”
  29. Leviticus 23:19 Or “sacrifice”; literally “do” or “make”
  30. Leviticus 23:19 Literally “a son of its year”
  31. Leviticus 23:20 Literally “to the faces of”
  32. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “you shall proclaim”
  33. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  34. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “all work of labor”
  35. Leviticus 23:21 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  36. Leviticus 23:21 Or “for”
  37. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  38. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  39. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  40. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  41. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  42. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  43. Leviticus 23:22 Singular
  44. Leviticus 23:22 Plural
  45. Leviticus 23:23 Or “And”
  46. Leviticus 23:24 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  47. Leviticus 23:24 Literally “it must be for yourselves”
  48. Leviticus 23:25 Literally “all work of labor”
  49. Leviticus 23:26 Or “And”
  50. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “all work of labor”
  51. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  52. Leviticus 23:28 Literally “to the faces of”
  53. Leviticus 23:29 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  54. Leviticus 23:29 Or “and”
  55. Leviticus 23:30 Or “And”
  56. Leviticus 23:30 Literally “the exactly of this day”
  57. Leviticus 23:31 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  58. Leviticus 23:32 Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
  59. Leviticus 23:32 Supplied from the immediate context within this verse
  60. Leviticus 23:33 Or “And”
  61. Leviticus 23:34 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  62. Leviticus 23:35 Literally “work of labor”
  63. Leviticus 23:36 Literally “all work of labor”
  64. Leviticus 23:37 Literally “a thing of a day on its day”
  65. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  66. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  67. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  68. Leviticus 23:38 Literally “from to alone”
  69. Leviticus 23:40 Collective singular
  70. Leviticus 23:40 Literally “to the faces of”
  71. Leviticus 23:41 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  72. Leviticus 23:43 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  73. Leviticus 23:44 Or “And”
  74. Leviticus 23:44 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
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Leviticus 23
New International Version

The Appointed Festivals

23 The Lord said to Moses, 2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘These are my appointed festivals,(A) the appointed festivals of the Lord, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies.(B)

The Sabbath

3 “‘There are six days when you may work,(C) but the seventh day is a day of sabbath rest,(D) a day of sacred assembly. You are not to do any work;(E) wherever you live, it is a sabbath to the Lord.

The Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread(F)

4 “‘These are the Lord’s appointed festivals, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times:(G) 5 The Lord’s Passover(H) begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.(I) 6 On the fifteenth day of that month the Lord’s Festival of Unleavened Bread(J) begins; for seven days(K) you must eat bread made without yeast. 7 On the first day hold a sacred assembly(L) and do no regular work. 8 For seven days present a food offering to the Lord.(M) And on the seventh day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work.’”

Offering the Firstfruits

9 The Lord said to Moses, 10 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land I am going to give you(N) and you reap its harvest,(O) bring to the priest a sheaf(P) of the first grain you harvest.(Q) 11 He is to wave the sheaf before the Lord(R) so it will be accepted(S) on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the day after the Sabbath. 12 On the day you wave the sheaf, you must sacrifice as a burnt offering to the Lord a lamb a year old(T) without defect,(U) 13 together with its grain offering(V) of two-tenths of an ephah[a](W) of the finest flour mixed with olive oil—a food offering presented to the Lord, a pleasing aroma—and its drink offering(X) of a quarter of a hin[b] of wine.(Y) 14 You must not eat any bread, or roasted or new grain,(Z) until the very day you bring this offering to your God.(AA) This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come,(AB) wherever you live.(AC)

The Festival of Weeks(AD)

15 “‘From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, count off seven full weeks. 16 Count off fifty days up to the day after the seventh Sabbath,(AE) and then present an offering of new grain to the Lord. 17 From wherever you live, bring two loaves made of two-tenths of an ephah(AF) of the finest flour, baked with yeast, as a wave offering of firstfruits(AG) to the Lord. 18 Present with this bread seven male lambs, each a year old and without defect, one young bull and two rams. They will be a burnt offering to the Lord, together with their grain offerings and drink offerings(AH)—a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord. 19 Then sacrifice one male goat for a sin offering[c] and two lambs, each a year old, for a fellowship offering. 20 The priest is to wave the two lambs before the Lord as a wave offering,(AI) together with the bread of the firstfruits. They are a sacred offering to the Lord for the priest. 21 On that same day you are to proclaim a sacred assembly(AJ) and do no regular work.(AK) This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come, wherever you live.

22 “‘When you reap the harvest(AL) of your land, do not reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.(AM) Leave them for the poor and for the foreigner residing among you.(AN) I am the Lord your God.’”

The Festival of Trumpets(AO)

23 The Lord said to Moses, 24 “Say to the Israelites: ‘On the first day of the seventh month you are to have a day of sabbath rest, a sacred assembly(AP) commemorated with trumpet blasts.(AQ) 25 Do no regular work,(AR) but present a food offering to the Lord.(AS)’”

The Day of Atonement(AT)

26 The Lord said to Moses, 27 “The tenth day of this seventh month(AU) is the Day of Atonement.(AV) Hold a sacred assembly(AW) and deny yourselves,[d] and present a food offering to the Lord. 28 Do not do any work(AX) on that day, because it is the Day of Atonement, when atonement is made for you before the Lord your God. 29 Those who do not deny themselves on that day must be cut off from their people.(AY) 30 I will destroy from among their people(AZ) anyone who does any work on that day. 31 You shall do no work at all. This is to be a lasting ordinance(BA) for the generations to come, wherever you live. 32 It is a day of sabbath rest(BB) for you, and you must deny yourselves. From the evening of the ninth day of the month until the following evening you are to observe your sabbath.”(BC)

The Festival of Tabernacles(BD)

33 The Lord said to Moses, 34 “Say to the Israelites: ‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh(BE) month the Lord’s Festival of Tabernacles(BF) begins, and it lasts for seven days. 35 The first day is a sacred assembly;(BG) do no regular work.(BH) 36 For seven days present food offerings to the Lord, and on the eighth day hold a sacred assembly(BI) and present a food offering to the Lord.(BJ) It is the closing special assembly; do no regular work.

37 (“‘These are the Lord’s appointed festivals, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies for bringing food offerings to the Lord—the burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings(BK) required for each day. 38 These offerings(BL) are in addition to those for the Lord’s Sabbaths(BM) and[e] in addition to your gifts and whatever you have vowed and all the freewill offerings(BN) you give to the Lord.)

39 “‘So beginning with the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the crops of the land, celebrate the festival(BO) to the Lord for seven days;(BP) the first day is a day of sabbath rest, and the eighth day also is a day of sabbath rest. 40 On the first day you are to take branches(BQ) from luxuriant trees—from palms, willows and other leafy trees(BR)—and rejoice(BS) before the Lord your God for seven days. 41 Celebrate this as a festival to the Lord for seven days each year. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come; celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 Live in temporary shelters(BT) for seven days: All native-born Israelites are to live in such shelters 43 so your descendants will know(BU) that I had the Israelites live in temporary shelters when I brought them out of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.’”

44 So Moses announced to the Israelites the appointed festivals of the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 23:13 That is, probably about 7 pounds or about 3.2 kilograms; also in verse 17
  2. Leviticus 23:13 That is, about 1 quart or about 1 liter
  3. Leviticus 23:19 Or purification offering
  4. Leviticus 23:27 Or and fast; similarly in verses 29 and 32
  5. Leviticus 23:38 Or These festivals are in addition to the Lord’s Sabbaths, and these offerings are
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