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The Purpose and Theme

The proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel:

To know wisdom and instruction,
    to perceive the words of understanding,
to receive the instruction of wisdom,
    justice, judgment, and equity;
to give subtlety to the simple,
    to the young man knowledge and discretion—
a wise man will hear and will increase learning,
    and a man of understanding will attain wise counsel,
to understand a proverb and the interpretation,
    the words of the wise and their riddles.

The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge,
    but fools despise wisdom and instruction.

The Prologue: Embrace Wisdom

My son, hear the instruction of your father,
    and do not forsake the teaching of your mother;
for they will be a garland of grace on your head,
    and chains about your neck.

10 My son, if sinners entice you,
    do not consent.
11 If they say, “Come with us,
    let us lie in wait for blood;
    let us lurk secretly for the innocent without cause;
12 let us swallow them up alive as the grave,
    and whole, as those who go down into the pit;
13 we will find all kinds of precious possessions;
    we will fill our houses with spoil;
14 cast in your lot among us,
    let us all have one purse”—
15 my son, do not walk in the way with them,
    keep your foot from their path;
16 for their feet run to evil
    and make haste to shed blood.
17 Surely in vain the net is spread
    in the sight of any bird.
18 They lie in wait for their own blood;
    they lurk secretly for their own lives.
19 So are the ways of everyone who is greedy of gain,
    which takes away the life of its owners.

The Call of Wisdom

20 Wisdom cries out in the street;
    she utters her voice in the markets.
21 She cries at the corner of the streets, in the openings of the gates;
    she speaks her words in the city, saying:

22 “How long, you simple ones, will you love simplicity?
    For the scorners delight in their scorning,
    and fools hate knowledge.
23 Turn at my reproof;
    surely I will pour out my spirit on you;
    I will make my words known to you.
24 Because I have called and you refused,
    I have stretched out my hand and no man regarded,
25 because you neglected all my counsel,
    and would have none of my reproof,
26 I also will laugh at your calamity;
    I will mock when your fear comes,
27 when your fear comes as desolation
    and your destruction comes as a whirlwind,
    when distress and anguish come upon you.

28 “Then they will call on me, but I will not answer;
    they will seek me early, but they will not find me.
29 Because they hated knowledge
    and did not choose the fear of the Lord,
30 they would have none of my counsel
    and despised all my reproof.
31 Therefore they will eat of the fruit of their own way,
    and be filled with their own devices.
32 For the turning away of the simple will slay them,
    and the prosperity of fools will destroy them.
33 But whoever listens to me will dwell safely,
    and will be secure from fear of evil.”

Purpose and Theme

The proverbs(A) of Solomon(B) son of David, king of Israel:(C)

for gaining wisdom and instruction;
    for understanding words of insight;
for receiving instruction in prudent behavior,
    doing what is right and just and fair;
for giving prudence to those who are simple,[a](D)
    knowledge and discretion(E) to the young—
let the wise listen and add to their learning,(F)
    and let the discerning get guidance—
for understanding proverbs and parables,(G)
    the sayings and riddles(H) of the wise.[b](I)

The fear of the Lord(J) is the beginning of knowledge,
    but fools[c] despise wisdom(K) and instruction.(L)

Prologue: Exhortations to Embrace Wisdom

Warning Against the Invitation of Sinful Men

Listen, my son,(M) to your father’s(N) instruction
    and do not forsake your mother’s teaching.(O)
They are a garland to grace your head
    and a chain to adorn your neck.(P)

10 My son, if sinful men entice(Q) you,
    do not give in(R) to them.(S)
11 If they say, “Come along with us;
    let’s lie in wait(T) for innocent blood,
    let’s ambush some harmless soul;
12 let’s swallow(U) them alive, like the grave,
    and whole, like those who go down to the pit;(V)
13 we will get all sorts of valuable things
    and fill our houses with plunder;
14 cast lots with us;
    we will all share the loot(W)”—
15 my son, do not go along with them,
    do not set foot(X) on their paths;(Y)
16 for their feet rush into evil,(Z)
    they are swift to shed blood.(AA)
17 How useless to spread a net
    where every bird can see it!
18 These men lie in wait(AB) for their own blood;
    they ambush only themselves!(AC)
19 Such are the paths of all who go after ill-gotten gain;
    it takes away the life of those who get it.(AD)

Wisdom’s Rebuke

20 Out in the open wisdom calls aloud,(AE)
    she raises her voice in the public square;
21 on top of the wall[d] she cries out,
    at the city gate she makes her speech:

22 “How long will you who are simple(AF) love your simple ways?
    How long will mockers delight in mockery
    and fools hate(AG) knowledge?
23 Repent at my rebuke!
    Then I will pour out my thoughts to you,
    I will make known to you my teachings.
24 But since you refuse(AH) to listen when I call(AI)
    and no one pays attention(AJ) when I stretch out my hand,
25 since you disregard all my advice
    and do not accept my rebuke,
26 I in turn will laugh(AK) when disaster(AL) strikes you;
    I will mock(AM) when calamity overtakes you(AN)
27 when calamity overtakes you like a storm,
    when disaster(AO) sweeps over you like a whirlwind,
    when distress and trouble overwhelm you.

28 “Then they will call to me but I will not answer;(AP)
    they will look for me but will not find me,(AQ)
29 since they hated knowledge
    and did not choose to fear the Lord.(AR)
30 Since they would not accept my advice
    and spurned my rebuke,(AS)
31 they will eat the fruit of their ways
    and be filled with the fruit of their schemes.(AT)
32 For the waywardness of the simple will kill them,
    and the complacency of fools will destroy them;(AU)
33 but whoever listens to me will live in safety(AV)
    and be at ease, without fear of harm.”(AW)

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 1:4 The Hebrew word rendered simple in Proverbs denotes a person who is gullible, without moral direction and inclined to evil.
  2. Proverbs 1:6 Or understanding a proverb, namely, a parable, / and the sayings of the wise, their riddles
  3. Proverbs 1:7 The Hebrew words rendered fool in Proverbs, and often elsewhere in the Old Testament, denote a person who is morally deficient.
  4. Proverbs 1:21 Septuagint; Hebrew / at noisy street corners