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and in front of the throne there was something like a sea or large expanse of glass, like [the clearest] crystal. In the center and around the throne were four living [a]creatures who were full of eyes in front and behind [seeing everything and knowing everything that is around them].(A)

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 4:6 Some scholars identify these creatures as cherubim glorifying God and guarding the throne of heaven; others suggest the creatures represent God’s attributes (especially His omniscience and omnipresence).

Also in front of the throne there was what looked like a sea of glass,(A) clear as crystal.

In the center, around the throne, were four living creatures,(B) and they were covered with eyes, in front and in back.(C)

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A Multitude from the Tribulation

After these things I looked, and this is what I saw: a vast multitude which no one could count, [gathered] from every nation and from all the tribes and peoples and languages [of the earth], standing before the throne and before the Lamb (Christ), dressed in white robes, with [a]palm branches in their hands; 10 and in a loud voice they cried out, saying,

“Salvation [belongs] to our God who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb [our salvation is the Trinity’s to give, and to God the Trinity we owe our deliverance].” 11 And all the angels were standing around the throne and around the [twenty-four] elders and the four living creatures; and they fell to their faces before the throne and worshiped God, 12 saying,

“Amen! Blessing and glory and majesty and wisdom and thanksgiving and honor and power and might belong to our God forever and ever. Amen.”

13 Then one of the elders responded, saying to me, “These who are dressed in the long white robes—who are they, and from where did they come?” 14 I said to him, “My lord, you know [the answer].” And he said to me, “These are the people who come out of the great tribulation (persecution), and they have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb [because of His atoning sacrifice].(A) 15 For this reason, they are [standing] before the throne of God; and they serve Him [in worship] day and night in His temple; and He who sits on the throne will [b]spread His tabernacle over them and shelter and protect them [with His presence].(B) 16 They will hunger no longer, nor thirst anymore; nor will the sun [c]beat down on them, nor any [scorching] heat;(C) 17 for the Lamb who is in the center of the throne will be their Shepherd, and He will guide them to springs of the waters of life; and God will wipe every tear from their eyes [giving them eternal comfort].”(D)

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 7:9 I.e. symbols of victory and joy used on festive occasions.
  2. Revelation 7:15 Lit pitch His tent.
  3. Revelation 7:16 Lit fall.

The Great Multitude in White Robes

After this I looked, and there before me was a great multitude that no one could count, from every nation, tribe, people and language,(A) standing before the throne(B) and before the Lamb. They were wearing white robes(C) and were holding palm branches in their hands. 10 And they cried out in a loud voice:

“Salvation belongs to our God,(D)
who sits on the throne,(E)
and to the Lamb.”

11 All the angels were standing around the throne and around the elders(F) and the four living creatures.(G) They fell down on their faces(H) before the throne and worshiped God, 12 saying:

“Amen!
Praise and glory
and wisdom and thanks and honor
and power and strength
be to our God for ever and ever.
Amen!”(I)

13 Then one of the elders asked me, “These in white robes(J)—who are they, and where did they come from?”

14 I answered, “Sir, you know.”

And he said, “These are they who have come out of the great tribulation; they have washed their robes(K) and made them white in the blood of the Lamb.(L) 15 Therefore,

“they are before the throne of God(M)
    and serve him(N) day and night in his temple;(O)
and he who sits on the throne(P)
    will shelter them with his presence.(Q)
16 ‘Never again will they hunger;
    never again will they thirst.(R)
The sun will not beat down on them,’[a]
    nor any scorching heat.(S)
17 For the Lamb at the center of the throne
    will be their shepherd;(T)
‘he will lead them to springs of living water.’[b](U)
    ‘And God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’[c](V)

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 7:16 Isaiah 49:10
  2. Revelation 7:17 Isaiah 49:10
  3. Revelation 7:17 Isaiah 25:8