Adam and Christ—Sin and Grace^[a]

¹² Humanity’s Sin through Adam. Therefore, sin entered the world as the result of one man, and death^[b] as a result of sin, and thus death has afflicted the entire human race inasmuch as everyone has sinned. ¹³ Sin was already in the world before there was any Law, even though sin is not reckoned when there is no Law. ¹⁴ Nevertheless, death reigned over all from Adam to Moses, even over those who had not sinned by disobeying a command, as did Adam who prefigured the one who was to come.

¹⁵ Grace and Life through Christ. However, the gift is not like the transgression. For if the transgression of one man led to the death of the many,^[c] how much greater was the overflowing effect of the grace of God and the gift of the one man Jesus Christ that has abounded for the many. ¹⁶ The gift of God cannot be compared with the sin of the one man. For the one sin resulted in the judgment that brought condemnation, but the gift freely given after many transgressions resulted in justification. ¹⁷ For if, because of one man’s transgression, death reigned through that man, how much more shall those who receive the abundance of grace and the gift of righteousness come to reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.

¹⁸ Therefore, just as one man’s transgression brought condemnation for all, so one man’s righteous act resulted in justification and life for all. ¹⁹ For just as through the disobedience of one man the many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one man the many will be made righteous.^[d]

²⁰ Purpose of the Law. When the Law was added, offenses multiplied; but the increase in sins was far exceeded by the increase in grace. ²¹ Hence, as sin’s reign resulted in death, so the grace of God also might reign through righteousness resulting in eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.