ASSAULT. Hebrew uses three terms tr. as “assault” in Eng. VSS. They can be divided into two groups: one is used for physical assault with a weapon (Ps 88:16 RSV), whereas the other refers to criminal sexual assault (Esth 7:8 RSV). The VSS are confused as to which is involved. The pl. noun occurs often as a participle in Joshua and elsewhere. Two Gr. words are so tr. in the NT. The Gr. ὁρμή, G3995, is possibly a tr. of some Aram. term, as in Acts 14:5; however, its appearance in James 3:4 demonstrates that “assault” is not the best tr. The Gr. ἐφίστημι, G2392, tr. “assault” only in KJV, means “to approach” (Acts 17:5).