11:2 three more kings. They are Cambyses, 529–523 b.c.; Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata), 523–522 b.c.; and Darius I, 522–486 b.c.

a fourth. Xerxes I, 485–464 b.c., known in the Old Testament as Ahasuerus.

his riches. See Esth. 1:4.

against the kingdom of Greece. Xerxes waged a number of campaigns against Greece beginning in 480 b.c.