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Ezekiel 38-48
Evangelical Heritage Version

In the Latter Days, Gog Will Attack Israel but
Will Be Defeated by the Lord

38 The word of the Lord came to me.

2 Son of man, set your face against Gog from the land of Magog, the prince of Rosh,[a] Meshek, and Tubal, and prophesy against him 3 and say this.

This is what the Lord God says. I am against you, Gog, prince of Rosh, Meshek, and Tubal.[b] 4 I will turn you around. I will put hooks in your jaws, and I will bring you out with your entire army, horses and horsemen, all of them magnificently arrayed, a vast horde[c] armed with body shields and hand shields, all of them wielding swords. 5 Persia, Cush, and Libya[d] are with them, all of them with hand shields and helmets, 6 also Gomer and all its troops, Beth Togarmah from the remotest regions of the north and all its troops—many peoples will be with you. 7 Ready yourself. Prepare yourself, you and your whole horde that is gathered around you, and keep watch over them. 8 After many days you will be summoned to come together. In the latter years you will invade a land that was restored from the ravages of the sword, whose population had been gathered from among many peoples, back to the mountains of Israel, which had been lying in ruins for a long time. Its population had been brought out from among the peoples, and all of them were now living securely. 9 You will come up like a devastating storm. You will come up like a cloud to cover the land, you and all your troops and many peoples with you.

10 This is what the Lord God says. On that day plans will come into your mind, and you will plot an evil scheme. 11 You will say, “I will go up against a land of unwalled villages. I will attack the peaceful people who live in security, all of them living without walls, with neither bars nor gates. 12 I will attack in order to seize spoils and carry off plunder, to assault resettled ruins and to attack people returned from the nations, people who are acquiring livestock and other property, people who live at the center[e] of the earth.”

13 Sheba, Dedan, the merchants of Tarshish, and all its leaders[f] will say to you, “Have you come to seize spoils? Have you gathered your horde to carry off plunder, to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and other property, to seize a large amount of spoils?”

14 Therefore prophesy, son of man, and say this to Gog. This is what the Lord God says. On that day, when my people Israel are dwelling securely, you will be aware of that, won’t you? 15 So you will come from your place, from the remotest regions of the north, you and many peoples with you, all of them riding on horses, a great horde, a mighty army. 16 You will come up against my people Israel like a cloud covering the land. In the latter days this will happen. I will bring you against my land so that the nations will know me when I use you to reveal myself as holy in front of their eyes, O Gog.

17 This is what the Lord God says. Are you the one I spoke about in earlier days through my servants, the prophets of Israel? In those days didn’t they prophesy for many years that I would bring you against Israel? 18 On that day when Gog comes against the land of Israel, says the Lord God, my wrath will be evident on my face. 19 In my zeal and the fire of my fury, I have spoken. I swear that there will be a great earthquake in the land of Israel on that day. 20 All of these will quake in my presence: the fish in the sea, the birds in the sky, the animals in the open country, every creeping thing that creeps on the ground, and every human being on the face of the earth. The mountains will be overthrown. The hillside terraces will collapse, and every wall will fall to the ground. 21 I will summon against Gog a sword upon all my mountains, declares the Lord God. Every man’s sword will be against his brother. 22 I will judge him with plague and with bloodshed. I will rain down torrential rain, hailstones, and burning sulfur on him and on his troops and on the many peoples who are with him. 23 In this way I will show myself to be great, and I will show myself to be holy, and I will make myself known in the sight of many nations. Then they will know that I am the Lord.

The Lord Will Defeat Gog and
Pour Out His Spirit on His People

39 Now you, son of man, prophesy against Gog and say this.

This is what the Lord says to you. I am against you, Gog, prince of Rosh, Meshek, and Tubal. 2 I will turn you around. I will show you the way. I will lead you up from the remotest regions of the north, and I will bring you against the mountains of Israel. 3 But there I will knock your bow out of your left hand, and I will make your arrows fall from your right hand. 4 On the mountains of Israel you will fall—you, all your troops, and the peoples who are with you. I will give you as food to scavenging birds of every kind and to the wild animals. 5 In the open country you will fall, for I have spoken, declares the Lord God. 6 I will also send fire on Magog and on those who live in security on the coastlands. Then they will know that I am the Lord.

7 I will make my holy name known among my people Israel. I will not let my holy name be profaned anymore, and the nations will know that I am the Lord, the Holy One in Israel. 8 It is coming! It will surely take place, declares the Lord God. This is the day of which I have spoken. 9 Then those who live in the cities of Israel will go out and set the weapons on fire and burn the small shields and large shields, bows and arrows, clubs and spears. They will use them as firewood for seven years. 10 They will not take wood from the open country or gather it from the forests because they will use the weapons as firewood. They will loot those who looted them and plunder those who plundered them, declares the Lord God.

11 On that day I will give Gog a burial place there in Israel, in the valley used by those who travel east toward the sea,[g] and it will block the way for travelers. There they will bury Gog and all his horde and call it the Valley of Gog’s Horde. 12 The house of Israel will spend seven months burying them in order to cleanse the land. 13 All the people of the land of Israel will join in burying them, and it will bring honor to them on that day when I display my glory, declares the Lord God. 14 In addition, they will assign men to work full-time, passing through the land together with others, to bury those who are left on the surface of the ground in order to cleanse it. At the end of seven months, they will still be searching. 15 Whenever those who pass through the land see a human bone, they will set up a marker beside it until the burial squad has buried it in the Valley of Gog’s Horde. 16 So the name of a city there will be Hamonah.[h] In this way they will cleanse the land.

17 This is what the Lord God says to you, son of man. Speak to the birds, to every winged creature, and to all the wild animals. Tell them this.

Assemble yourselves and come. From all around gather yourselves to my sacrificial meal, which I am preparing for you as a sacrificial meal on the mountains of Israel. You will eat meat and drink blood. 18 You will eat the meat of warriors and drink the blood of the princes of the earth, like rams and lambs, goats and bulls, all of them fattened animals from Bashan. 19 You will eat fat until you are full and drink blood until you are drunk from my sacrificial meal, which I have prepared for you. 20 At my table you will be filled with horses and charioteers, with warriors and soldiers of every kind, declares the Lord God.

21 In this way I will establish my glory among the nations, and all the nations will see my justice which I have carried out and my hand which I have laid upon them. 22 The house of Israel will know from that day forward that I am the Lord, their God. 23 Then the nations will know that the house of Israel went into exile because of their guilt, because they were unfaithful to me. So I hid my face from them and delivered them into the hand of their adversaries, and they all fell by the sword. 24 I dealt with them according to their uncleanness and their rebellion, and I hid my face from them.

25 Therefore, this is what the Lord God says. Now I will bring about the restoration of Jacob. I will have mercy on the whole house of Israel, and I will be zealous for my holy name. 26 They will bear their shame and all the unfaithfulness that they displayed toward me, even when they lived securely in their own land with no one to make them afraid. 27 When I bring them back from the nations and gather them from the lands of their enemies, I will show myself to be holy among them in the sight of many nations. 28 They will know that I am the Lord their God, because, even though I sent them into captivity among the nations, I also gathered them again to their own land, and I will never again leave any of them there in captivity. 29 Nor will I ever hide my face from them again, because I will have poured out my Spirit on the house of Israel, declares the Lord God.

A Vision of the New Temple[i]

40 In the twenty-fifth year of our exile, at the beginning of the year,[j] on the tenth day of the month, in the fourteenth year after the city was struck down, on that very day, the hand of the Lord came upon me, and he brought me there. 2 In visions of God, he brought me to the land of Israel and set me down on a very high mountain. On the south side there was a structure that resembled a city. 3 When he brought me there, I saw a man who looked as if he were made of bronze. In his hand he had a linen cord and a measuring rod. He was standing by the gatehouse.

4 The man said to me, “Son of man, watch carefully, listen carefully, and pay attention to[k] everything that I am about to show you, because you were brought here so that I could show it to you. Report everything you see to the house of Israel.”

The Wall and Outer Gates
The Wall

5 I saw a wall[l] all the way around the temple compound. In the man’s hand was the measuring rod, six cubits long (using the long cubit).[m] When he measured the thickness of the structure, it was one rod thick, and its height was one rod.

The East Gatehouse

6 Then he approached the gatehouse[n] that was on the east side of the temple compound and went up its steps. He measured the threshold of the gate. It was one rod deep.[o] 7 Each guardroom[p] was one rod wide and one rod deep. Between the guardrooms, the walls were five cubits thick,[q] and the threshold of the gate of the vestibule[r] on the inner side of the gatehouse was one rod deep. 8 ⎣He measured the vestibule on the inner side of the gatehouse. It was one rod.⎦[s]

9 He measured the vestibule of the gatehouse, which was eight cubits,[t] and its gateposts were two cubits. The vestibule of the gatehouse was located at the inner end of the gateway. 10 Inside the east gatehouse, there were three guardrooms on either side of the entry. All three were the same size, and the gateposts on either side were also the same size. 11 Then he measured the width of the entry into the gateway. It was ten cubits, and the length of the gateway was thirteen cubits.[u] 12 There was a barrier in front of the guardrooms, one cubit wide, on both sides of the passage. Each guardroom was six cubits square.[v]

13 Next he measured the passageway through the gatehouse, from the outside edge of the ceiling of one guardroom to the outside edge of the ceiling opposite it. The total width was twenty-five cubits.[w] The doorways to the guardrooms were facing each other on each side of the passageway. 14 He determined that the measurement of the gateposts was sixty cubits,[x] and the courtyard all around the gateway reached to the gateposts.[y] 15 From the front of the outer entrance of the gateway to the outside edge of the vestibule on the inner side of the gateway was fifty cubits.[z] 16 The guardrooms and their doorposts had openings on all sides. The openings were slits that were narrower toward the inside of the gate, and likewise, the vestibule had openings that narrowed toward the inside all the way around.[aa] The doorposts had decorations like palm trees.

The Outer Courtyard

17 Then he brought me into the outer courtyard. There were rooms and a pavement constructed all the way around the courtyard. Thirty rooms faced the pavement.[ab] 18 The pavement ran along the sides of the gates. The pavement was as wide as the length of the gatehouse. This was the lower pavement. 19 He measured the width of the pavement from the inside edge of the outer gatehouse to the outside edge of the inner courtyard. It measured one hundred cubits[ac] on the east and on the north sides of the temple.

The North Gatehouse

20 There was a gateway leading into the outer courtyard on the north side. The man measured its length and its width. 21 Its guardrooms, three on each side, its gateposts, and its vestibule had the same measurements as the first gatehouse, fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 22 The entry, the vestibule, and its palm decorations also had the same measurements as those of the gatehouse facing east. From outside the temple compound one could enter the gate by seven steps, and the vestibule of the gateway was straight ahead at the inner end of the gateway.

23 A gateway into the inner courtyard was opposite the outer gatehouse (the same as on the east side), and he measured from the outer gate to the inner one opposite it. The distance was one hundred cubits.[ad]

The South Gatehouse

24 Next, he led me toward the south, and there also was a gatehouse on the south side of the temple compound. He measured its gateposts and its vestibule, and the measurements were like the others. 25 It and its vestibule had openings all around like the openings of the others. Its length was fifty cubits and its width was twenty-five cubits. 26 It had seven steps going up to it, and its vestibule was straight ahead of them at the opposite end of the gateway, and it had palm decorations on either side on its gateposts. 27 The inner courtyard also had a gateway facing south. He measured from one gate to the other toward the south. It was one hundred cubits.

The Gates to the Inner Courtyard

28 Then he brought me into the inner courtyard through its south gate.[ae] He measured this gatehouse on the south side of the inner courtyard. Its measurements were like those of the previous gatehouses. 29 Its guardrooms, gateposts, and vestibule had the same measurements as the others. Both the gatehouse and the vestibule had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide.

30 There were vestibules on each side of the inner courtyard. They were twenty-five cubits long and five cubits wide.[af] 31 The vestibule of the inner gatehouse faced the outer courtyard. There were palm decorations on its gateposts, and its stairway had eight steps.

32 Next he brought me into the inner courtyard through the gate facing east. He measured the gatehouse, and its dimensions were the same as the others. 33 Its guardrooms, gateposts, and vestibule were the same size as the others. It and its vestibule had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 34 Its vestibule faced the outer court, and there were palm decorations on its gateposts on either side. Its stairs had eight steps.

35 Then he brought me to the north gatehouse and measured it. It had the same measurements as the others. 36 This was also true of its guardrooms, its gateposts, and its vestibule. It had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 37 Its vestibule faced the outer courtyard, and there were palm decorations on its gateposts on either side. Its stairway had eight steps.

Rooms of the Inner Courtyard

38 There was a room with a door, next to the gateposts at each of the inner gateways,[ag] where they washed the burnt offering.[ah]

39 Inside the vestibule of the gateway, on each side, there were two tables upon which to slaughter the whole burnt offering, the sin offering, and the restitution offering. 40 Next to the outside wall of the vestibule, as one goes toward the entrance of the north gateway, there were two more tables. Next to the other outside wall of the vestibule of the gateway were two more tables. 41 That is, there were four tables on one side and four on the other side of the gateway—eight tables on which they were to slaughter the sacrifices.

42 Four more tables for the burnt offering were made of hewn stone. They were one and a half cubits long, one and a half cubits wide, and one cubit high. On them they placed the instruments with which they slaughtered the burnt offering and the other sacrifices. 43 Double-pronged hooks, each a handbreadth[ai] long, were fastened to the building all around, but the meat for the sacrifice was placed on the tables.

44 Just outside of the inner gateway, in the inner courtyard, were two rooms,[aj] one beside the north gate, which faced south, and the other beside the south[ak] gate, which faced north. 45 He said to me, “This room that faces south is for the priests who guard the temple, 46 and the room that faces north is for the priests who guard the altar. They are descendants of Zadok, the only Levites who may approach the Lord to minister to him.”

The Inner Courtyard

47 Then he measured the courtyard.[al] It was one hundred cubits long and one hundred cubits wide[am]—a square. The altar was in front of the temple.

The Temple Building
The Vestibule

48 Next he brought me to the vestibule of the temple building.[an] He measured each doorpost of the vestibule: five cubits[ao] on either side. The width of the gate was ⎣fourteen cubits.[ap] The sides of the gate were⎦ three cubits[aq] on either side.[ar] 49 The length of the vestibule was twenty cubits, and its width was eleven cubits.[as] One entered it by ten[at] steps, and there were pillars by the doorposts, one on either side.

The Rooms of the Temple

41 Then he brought me to the outer room of the sanctuary[au] and measured the doorposts, six cubits[av] wide on either side. This was the width of the Tent.[aw] 2 The width of the entrance was ten cubits,[ax] and the side walls of the entrance were five cubits[ay] on either side. Then he measured the outer room’s length, forty cubits, and its width was twenty cubits.[az]

3 Then he entered the inner room of the sanctuary[ba] and measured the doorposts of its entrance, two cubits, and the width of the entrance was six cubits, and the side walls of the entrance were seven cubits on either side.[bb] 4 He measured its length, twenty cubits, and its width was twenty cubits,[bc] the same as the width of the outer room. Then he said to me, “This is the Holy of Holies.”

5 Next he measured the wall of the temple building. It was six cubits thick, and the width of each side room was four cubits. The side rooms[bd] ran all around the temple. 6 The side rooms were stacked on top of one another, in three stories, with thirty rooms in each story. The floors of the side rooms rested on ledges attached to the wall of the temple all the way around, so that the supports for the rooms would not cut into the temple wall itself. 7 The side rooms all around the temple became wider as one went up from story to story, because their supporting ledges in the wall of the temple ascended like steps. Therefore, the width of the interior of the attached structure increased as one went up from the lowest story to the highest by way of the middle story.[be]

The Platform and Courtyard

8 I saw a raised platform all around the temple that served as a foundation for the side rooms. The terrace built on this foundation, measured by a full rod, was six long cubits tall.[bf] 9 The thickness of the outer wall of the side rooms was five cubits. The open area[bg] between the side rooms attached to the temple 10 and the other rooms on the other side of the inner courtyard was twenty cubits wide[bh] all around the temple. 11 There were entrances into the side rooms from the open area, one entrance on the north side, one on the south. The width of the terrace[bi] bordering the open area was five cubits all around.[bj]

12 The building[bk] on the far side of the restricted area[bl] on the western side of the temple was seventy cubits wide.[bm] The wall of the building was five cubits thick all around, and its length was ninety cubits.[bn]

13 Then he measured the temple building. Its length was one hundred cubits.[bo] The restricted area and the building with its walls also had a length of one hundred cubits. 14 The width of the area in front of the temple, including the restricted areas east of the temple, was one hundred cubits as well. 15 He also measured the length of the building facing the restricted area at the rear of the temple, along with its balconies on either side. It was one hundred cubits.

The Interior Decoration

The outer and inner rooms of the sanctuary,[bp] the vestibules of the courtyard, 16 the thresholds, and the windows with slanting frames, as well as the balconies around the three sides, opposite the threshold, were paneled with wood all the way around, from the floor to the upper windows, and the windows were covered with lattices.[bq] 17 The paneling extended up to the space above the entrance, both in the inner and outer sanctuary. On all the walls all around, in both the inner and outer sanctuary, there were geometric patterns,[br] 18 carved cherubim, and decorations like palms. There was a palm decoration between each cherub and its neighbor. Each cherub had two faces: 19 the face of a man turned toward the palm on one side and the face of a lion turned toward the palm on the other side. They were carved all around the whole temple. 20 From the floor up to the space above the entrance, cherubim and palms were carved, even on the walls of the outer room of the sanctuary.[bs] 21 As for the outer room of the sanctuary, its doorposts were square, and the front of the Holy of Holies had the same design.

The Altar in the Temple

22 The altar was made of wood, three cubits high. Its length was two cubits, and its width was two cubits.[bt] Its corners, its base,[bu] and its sides were also of wood. He said to me, “This is the table that is before the Lord.”

23 Both the outer room of the sanctuary and the Holy of Holies had double doors. 24 The doors had two leaves apiece, two folding leaves—two for one door and two leaves for the other door. 25 Carved on the doors of the outer room there were cherubim and palm decorations, like those carved on the walls. Outside there was a wooden canopy in front of the vestibule. 26 There were also windows narrowing toward the inside and palm decorations on both side walls of the vestibule. The side rooms of the temple also had canopies.

Rooms North of the Temple

42 Then he led me out into the outer courtyard which was north of the temple building, and he brought me to a set of rooms which bordered on the south side of the restricted area and was north of the structure of the temple building.[bv] 2 This building north of the temple, which had doors facing north, was one hundred cubits long and fifty cubits wide.[bw]

3 On each side of the north courtyard, across from the twenty cubits that belonged to the inner courtyard on the south side and across from the pavement that belonged to the outer courtyard on the north side, two sets of balconies faced each other.[bx] Each was three stories high.[by] 4 In front of the rooms on the inside of the courtyard was a walkway[bz] ten cubits wide and one hundred cubits long.[ca] The entrances of the rooms faced north.[cb]

5 The upper rooms were narrower, because the balconies took more space away from them than from the building’s bottom and middle floors. 6 These rooms were arranged in three stories and had no pillars like the pillars in the courtyards, so as you went up from ground level, the upper story had to be set back more than the lower and middle ones.[cc]

7 There was a wall in the outer courtyard, which ran parallel to the rooms on the east side.[cd] It was fifty cubits long. 8 The length of the set of rooms on the east side of the building facing toward the outer courtyard was fifty cubits, but the length of those on the north side was one hundred cubits long.[ce] 9 On the bottom floor of these rooms on the east end of the building, there was an entrance, through which one could enter them from the outer courtyard.[cf]

The Same Rooms on the South Side

10 At the head of the wall of the courtyard,[cg] on the south[ch] side of the temple, opposite the restricted area and opposite the building, there were rooms. 11 They also had a passageway in front of them. They looked just like the rooms on the north. They were the same length and also the same width, and they were the same in regard to all their exits, their designs, and their entrances. 12 Also identical were the entrances to the rooms on the south, at the head of the passageway, that is, the passageway opposite the corresponding wall, as one enters them from the east.

13 Then he said to me, “The northern and southern rooms in front of the restricted area are holy rooms where the priests who approach the Lord will eat the most holy offerings. There they will deposit the most holy offerings, the grain offering, the sin offering, and the restitution offering, for the place is holy. 14 When the priests go to enter these rooms, they must not go out from the holy place into the outer courtyard until they have put away their vestments in which they have ministered there, because the vestments are holy. They must put on other clothing before they approach the area that is for the people.”

15 In this way the man finished the measurements of the interior of the temple complex. Then he led me out through the gate on the east side of the temple complex and measured the temple area all the way around. 16 He measured the east side using the measuring rod. It measured five hundred cubits,[ci] using canes, that is, the measuring rod. 17 Then he turned and measured the north side. It was five hundred cubits, using canes, that is, the measuring rod. 18 Then he turned and measured the south side. It was five hundred cubits, using canes, that is, the measuring rod. 19 He turned to the west side and measured again. It also was five hundred cubits, using canes, that is, the measuring rod. 20 Thus he measured the temple area on all four sides. It had a wall all the way around it. It was five hundred cubits long and five hundred cubits wide, in order to separate the holy from the common.

The Return of the Glory of the Lord

43 Then he led me to the gate, the gate that faces east. 2 Suddenly I saw that the Glory of the God of Israel was coming from the east. His voice sounded like the roar of rushing water, and the earth was shining with his glory. 3 The appearance of the vision that I saw was like the vision I saw when he[cj] came to destroy the city—visions like the vision I saw by the Kebar Canal, and I fell on my face. 4 The Glory of the Lord entered the temple through the gate facing east. 5 Then the Spirit lifted me up and brought me to the inner court, and the Glory of the Lord filled the temple.

6 I heard someone speaking to me from the temple while the man was standing beside me. 7 The voice said to me:

Son of man, this is the place of my throne, and this is the place for the soles of my feet, where I will dwell in the midst of the people of Israel forever. Never again will the house of Israel profane my holy name, neither they nor their kings, neither by their prostitution nor by the memorials[ck] to their dead kings at their high places. 8 Whenever they placed their threshold next to my threshold and their doorpost beside my doorpost with only a wall between me and them, they would defile my holy name by their abominations that they did, so I exterminated them in my anger. 9 Now let them remove their prostitution and the memorials of their dead kings from my presence, and I will dwell among them forever.

10 But you, son of man, are to describe the temple to the house of Israel, so that they may be ashamed of their sins. Let them measure its perfect pattern. 11 If they are ashamed of everything they have done, teach them the design of the temple and its layout, its exits and its entrances, all its designs and all its ordinances, all its designs and all its regulations. Write them down in their sight so that they may keep its whole plan and all its ordinances and carry them out. 12 This is the law for the temple. On the top of the mountain, the whole territory of the temple and all the area surrounding its perimeter will be most holy. This is indeed the law for the temple.

The Great Altar in the Courtyard

13 These are the measurements of the altar in long cubits (a long cubit is an ordinary cubit plus a handbreadth). The gutter[cl] at the base of the altar is one cubit deep and one cubit wide with a rim of one span[cm] around its edge. The height of the altar is as follows: 14 From the gutter on the ground to the lower ledge is two cubits, and the width of the ledge is one cubit. From the lower ledge to the upper ledge is four cubits. The upper ledge has a width of one cubit. 15 The hearth is four cubits high, and four horns extend upward from the hearth.[cn] 16 The hearth is twelve cubits by twelve cubits, a square with four equal sides. 17 The upper ledge is fourteen cubits by fourteen cubits, with four equal sides. The ridge[co] around it is half a cubit, and it has a gutter of one cubit all around.[cp] Its ramp[cq] faces east.

18 Then he said to me, “Son of man, this is what the Lord God says. These are the ceremonial requirements for the altar on the day when it is erected, to present burnt offerings on it and to splash blood on it. 19 You are to provide a young bull for a sin offering. Provide it to the levitical priests who are from the descendants of Zadok, who draw near to me to serve me, declares the Lord God. 20 You are to take some of its blood and put it on the altar’s four horns, on the four corners of the ledge, and on the ridge all around, and so you are to purify[cr] it and make atonement for it. 21 Then you are to take the bull that is the sin offering, and the priest is to burn it at the appointed place in the temple area, outside the sanctuary.

22 “On the second day you are to offer a male goat without blemish as a sin offering, and the altar is to be purified as it was purified with the bull. 23 When you have finished purifying it, you are to offer a young bull without blemish and a ram without blemish. 24 You are to present them before the Lord, and the priests are to throw salt on them and offer them up as a burnt offering to the Lord. 25 For seven days you are to offer a goat for a sin offering each day, as well as a young bull and a ram from the flock. They must all be without blemish. 26 For seven days they are to make atonement for the altar, cleanse it, and, in this way, consecrate it. 27 When they have fulfilled those days, on the eighth day and thereafter, the priests are to offer on the altar your whole burnt offerings and your fellowship offerings, and I will accept you, declares the Lord God.”

The Prince

44 Then he brought me back to the outer gate of the sanctuary that faces east, but it was closed. 2 The Lord said to me, “This gate must remain closed and not be opened. No man may enter through it, because the Lord, the God of Israel, has entered through it. Therefore, it is to remain closed. 3 The prince, because he is the prince, may sit in it to eat food in the presence of the Lord. He must enter through the vestibule of the gateway, and he must go out the same way.”

The Purity of the Temple

4 Next, he brought me through the north gate to the front of the temple. I looked, and the Glory of the Lord had filled the temple of the Lord, and I fell on my face. 5 The Lord said this to me.

Son of man, pay attention. Watch carefully and listen carefully[cs] to what I am telling you regarding all the regulations of the temple of the Lord and all the instructions concerning it. Pay attention to the entrance of the temple and to all the exits of the sanctuary.

6 Say this to the rebellion, that is, to the house of Israel. This is what the Lord God says. There has been more than enough of all your abominations, O house of Israel. 7 You even brought foreigners, uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, into my sanctuary to desecrate it—into my own house!—even while you were offering my food, namely, the fat and the blood. In this way they broke my covenant in addition to all your abominations.

8 You have not faithfully guarded my holy things. Instead, you appointed others to be guards at my sanctuary in your place. 9 This is what the Lord God says. No foreigner, uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, may enter my sanctuary—no foreigner at all from those who are among the people of Israel.

The Purity of the Priests and Levites

10 What’s more, the Levites who went far from me when Israel strayed away, those who wandered away from me to follow their filthy idols, they must bear the consequences of their guilt. 11 Nevertheless, the Levites shall be in my sanctuary serving as guards over the gates of the temple and ministering in the temple. They shall slaughter the burnt offerings and the other sacrifices for the people. They shall stand before the people to serve them. 12 But because they formerly served them in front of their filthy idols and became a stumbling block that made the house of Israel guilty, therefore I have raised my hand in an oath against them, declares the Lord God, and they must bear the consequences of their guilt. 13 They may not approach me to serve as priests for me, nor may they approach any of my holy things or the most holy offerings. They must bear their shame and the consequences of the abominations that they committed. 14 Yet I will make them guardians of the ministry of the temple, in charge of all the duties of the temple and of everything that has to be done in it.

15 But the levitical priests who are the sons of Zadok, those who faithfully performed the duty of guarding the ministry of my sanctuary when the sons of Israel strayed away from me, they may approach me to serve me, and they may stand before me to offer the fat and the blood to me, declares the Lord God. 16 They alone may enter my sanctuary. They alone may approach my table to minister to me, and they shall perform the duty of guarding the ministry of the temple for me.

17 When they enter the gates of the inner court, they must wear linen clothing. No wool should be on them while they minister in the gates of the inner courtyard or inside the temple. 18 They are to have linen turbans on their heads and linen shorts on their hips. They should wear nothing that causes sweat. 19 When they go out into the outer courtyard[ct] to the people, they must take off their vestments in which they have been ministering and leave them in the holy rooms. Then they must put on other clothing so that they do not transmit holiness to the people by their vestments.

20 They must not shave their heads or let their hair grow long and unkempt. They must keep the hair on their heads neatly trimmed. 21 No priest is to drink wine when he enters the inner courtyard. 22 The priests must not take a widow or a divorced woman for themselves as a wife, but only virgins who are seed from the house of Israel. But priests may marry a widow who is a widow of a priest. 23 They are to teach my people the difference between the holy and the common, and make them knowledgeable in distinguishing the unclean from the clean.

24 In case of a dispute, they are to officiate as judges, and they must render their judgment concerning that case on the basis of the precedents in my judgments. They must observe my instructions and my regulations regarding all my appointed festivals, and they must keep my Sabbaths holy.

25 They must not go near a dead person and make themselves ceremonially unclean by doing so. Only in the case of father or mother, son or daughter, brother or unmarried sister may they make themselves unclean. 26 After a priest has been purified, seven days must be counted off for him. 27 On the day he enters into the sanctuary, into the inner courtyard to minister in the sanctuary, he must offer a sin offering for himself, declares the Lord God.

28 This will be their inheritance: I am their inheritance. You must not give them property in Israel. I am their property. 29 They may eat the grain offerings, the sin offerings, and the restitution offerings, and every devoted thing in Israel will belong to them. 30 The first from all firstfruits of all kinds and every special contribution of any kind from all your contributions will belong to the priests. The first of your ground grain[cu] you must give to the priest in order that a blessing may rest on your house. 31 No animal that died naturally or was torn by wild animals, whether a bird or an animal, may be eaten by the priests.

Property for the Lord,
for the Priests, and for the Prince

45 When you cast lots to divide the land as an inheritance, you are to devote a contribution to the Lord, a holy area of the land. Its length is to be twenty-five thousand cubits and its width twenty thousand cubits.[cv] Its entire area will be holy.

2 Within this area, a square five hundred by five hundred cubits[cw] is to be set aside for the sanctuary. There is also to be an open area of fifty cubits all around it.

3 From this measured area, you are to measure off a separate area which has a length of twenty-five thousand cubits and a width of ten thousand cubits. The sanctuary, the most holy place, will be in it. 4 It is to be a holy area of the land.[cx] It will be for the priests, the ministers of the sanctuary, who draw near to serve the Lord. It will be a place for their houses, as well as a holy place for the sanctuary.

5 Also an area twenty-five thousand cubits long and ten thousand cubits wide will be set aside for the Levites, the servants of the temple, as their possession, to provide them with cities to live in.[cy][cz]

6 As the city’s property, you are to assign an area five thousand cubits wide and twenty-five thousand cubits long[da] along one side of the holy contribution.[db] It will belong to the whole house of Israel.

7 For the prince, an area is to be set aside on both sides of the holy contribution and of the area for the city. It will run alongside the holy contribution and alongside the city’s property. On the west side of the city, it will extend west along the tribal boundaries to the western boundary of the land, and on the east side, it will extend eastward in the same way. 8 This land is to be the prince’s property in Israel, so that my princes will no longer oppress my people but will allot the land to the house of Israel according to their tribes.

9 This is what the Lord God says. You have done enough, you princes of Israel! Remove violence and mayhem, and practice justice and righteousness. Remove the burden from my people that you caused by evicting them from their land, declares the Lord God.

10 You must have honest scales, an honest ephah, and an honest bath.[dc] 11 The ephah and the bath are to follow one uniform standard. The bath will hold one tenth of a homer, and the ephah will hold one tenth of a homer. The standard is to be based on the homer. 12 The shekel is to be twenty gerahs. Twenty shekels, twenty-five shekels, and fifteen shekels will be the weight of your mina.[dd]

Offerings and Festivals

13 This is the special contribution you should dedicate: Take one sixth of an ephah from each homer of wheat, and take one sixth of an ephah from each homer of barley.[de] 14 The prescribed portion of oil (the bath is the standard measure for the oil) is one tenth of a bath from each kor.[df] Ten baths make a kor, and ten baths are a homer.

15 Furthermore, one sheep shall be given from every flock, that is, from every two hundred sheep that comprise a flock from the well-watered land of Israel. These are for the grain offerings, the burnt offerings, and the fellowship offerings, to make atonement for them, declares the Lord God. 16 All the people of the land are to contribute to this offering for the prince in Israel.

17 The prince then is responsible for the burnt offerings, the grain offerings, and the drink offerings on the festivals, on the New Moons, and on the Sabbaths, that is, on all the appointed festivals for the house of Israel. He himself will provide the sin offering, the grain offering, the burnt offering, and the fellowship offering, to make atonement on behalf of the house of Israel.

18 This is what the Lord God says. In the first month, on the first day of the month, you are to take a young bull without blemish and purify the sanctuary. 19 The priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering and put it on the doorpost of the temple, on the four corners of the ledge of the altar, and on the post of the gate of the inner courtyard. 20 You are to do so also on the seventh day of the month, for the sake of anyone who sins inadvertently or in ignorance, and so you shall make atonement for the temple.

21 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, you shall hold the Passover. During the festival, consisting of a week of seven days, unleavened bread must be eaten. 22 On that day the prince is to provide, on behalf of himself and all the people of the land, a bull for a sin offering. 23 On the seven days of the festival he is to provide a burnt offering for the Lord: seven bulls and seven rams without blemish for each day of the seven days, as well as a male goat for a sin offering for each day. 24 As a grain offering he is to provide an ephah for each bull and an ephah for each ram, and a hin of oil for each ephah.

25 In the seventh month, at the festival starting on the fifteenth day of the month, he is to provide for seven days according to these same instructions, in regard to the sin offering, the burnt offering, the grain offering, and the oil.

Other Festivals and the Prince

46 This is what the Lord God says.

The gate into the inner courtyard which faces east must remain closed on the six work days, but on the Sabbath day it is to be opened, and on the day of the New Moon it is to be opened. 2 The prince is to enter through the vestibule of the gateway at the outer, eastern end of the gatehouse and stand by the gatepost, and the priests are to offer his burnt offering and fellowship offerings. He is to prostrate himself on the threshold of the gateway and then go out, but the gate will not be closed until evening. 3 The people of the land are to prostrate themselves before the Lord at the entrance to that gate on Sabbaths and New Moons.

4 The burnt offering that the prince is to offer to the Lord on the day of the Sabbath is to consist of six lambs without blemish and a ram without blemish. 5 The grain offering is to be an ephah for the ram, and for the lambs the grain offering is to be as much as he can afford, with a hin of oil per ephah. 6 On the day of the New Moon, he is to offer a young bull without blemish, six lambs, and a ram. They are to be without blemish. 7 He is to provide an ephah for the bull and an ephah for the ram as a grain offering, and for the lambs as much as he can afford, with a hin of oil per ephah.

8 When the prince enters, he is to come in through the vestibule of the gateway, and he is to go out by the same way. 9 When the people of the land come before the Lord at the appointed festivals, anyone who enters through the north gate in order to prostrate himself must go out through the south gate, and anyone who enters through the south gate must go out through the north gate. No one may return through the same gate through which he entered. He definitely must leave by going straight ahead to the opposite gate. 10 The prince is to be in their midst. When they enter, he shall enter, and when they leave, both he and they shall leave.

11 At the pilgrimage festivals and the appointed festivals, the grain offering is to be an ephah for a bull and an ephah for a ram, and for the lambs it is to be as much as he can afford, with a hin of oil per ephah. 12 When the prince makes a voluntary offering to the Lord, either as a burnt offering or fellowship offering, the gate facing east is to be opened for him. He is to offer his burnt offering or his fellowship offerings just as he does on the day of the Sabbath. When he goes out, the gate is to be closed after he leaves. 13 You are to provide a yearling lamb without blemish as a burnt offering to the Lord every day. Every morning you are to provide it. 14 You are to provide a grain offering with it every morning: one sixth of an ephah and one third of a hin of oil to moisten the fine flour. It is a grain offering for the Lord. These are lasting statutes to be performed daily. 15 In this way they will offer the lamb, the grain offering, and the oil every morning as a daily burnt offering.

Inheritance of the Prince’s Property

16 This is what the Lord God says.

If the prince gives a gift to any of his sons, it is the son’s inheritance and will also belong to his sons. It is to be their property by inheritance. 17 But if the prince gives a gift from his inheritance to one of his servants, it will belong to him only until the year of liberty,[dg] when it must revert to the prince. It is his inheritance alone and must remain with his sons. 18 The prince may not take any of the inheritance of the people by evicting them from their property. From his own property he is to give an inheritance to his sons, so that my people will not be scattered—not a single man from his property.

The Kitchens for Sacrifices

19 Then he took me through the entrance into the holy rooms for the priests that were located on the north side of the temple, beside the north gatehouse. Looking toward the west, I saw that there was a special place at the back of the temple area.[dh] 20 He said to me, “This is the place where the priests are to boil the restitution offering and the sin offering, and where they will bake the grain offerings in order not to bring them out to the outer courtyard and transmit holiness to the people.”

21 Then he brought me out to the outer courtyard and led me past the four corners of the courtyard. I saw there was a court at each corner of the courtyard[di]— a court in each corner of the courtyard.[dj] 22 In the four corners of the courtyard were enclosed[dk] courts, forty cubits long and thirty cubits wide[dl]—the same measurement for each of the four of them.[dm] 23 A stone structure went all around the inside of all four of the rooms, and hearths for boiling were constructed beneath the structure all the way around. 24 Then he said to me, “These are the kitchens where those who minister in the temple are to boil the sacrifices of the people.”

Life-Giving Water in the New Creation

47 Then he brought me back to the entrance of the temple, and I saw that water was flowing out from under the threshold of the temple toward the east (the temple faced east). The water was flowing down from under the south side of the temple, south of the altar.

2 He brought me out through the north gate that led into the inner courtyard and led me around on the outside of the temple to the outer gateway on the east side, and I saw that water was trickling out from its south side. 3 As the man went out toward the east, he had a measuring line in his hand. He measured off a thousand cubits,[dn] and then he led me through the water. The water was ankle-deep. 4 Then he measured off another thousand cubits and led me through the water. The water was knee-deep. He measured a thousand more and led me through water that was now waist-deep. 5 He measured a thousand more, but now it was a river that I was not able to cross, because the water had risen so much that one would have to swim across it. It was a river that could not be forded.

6 Then he asked me, “Have you noticed anything, son of man?” and he led me back to the bank of the river. 7 When I returned there, I noticed that on the banks of the river there were a large number of trees, on both sides.

8 Then he said to me, “These waters are flowing out to the eastern part of the land. They go down to the Arabah and go into the sea,[do] into the sea whose waters are unusable,[dp] and then the waters of the sea are made fresh.[dq] 9 Every living creature that swarms can live wherever the stream flows. There will be a large number of fish because these waters have come there, and the waters of the sea have been made fresh, so every living creature can live everywhere the river goes. 10 There will be fishermen standing beside it from En Gedi to En Eglaim, and there will be places for them to spread their nets to dry. There will be all kinds of fish there, like the fish of the Great Sea[dr]—so very many. 11 But its swamps and marshes will not be made fresh. They will be left to provide salt. 12 Beside the river, on both its banks, every kind of tree will grow for providing food. Their leaves will never wither, and their fruit will never fail. Every month they will bear fruit because their waters flow out from the sanctuary. Its fruit will provide food, and its leaves will be for healing.

The Divisions of the Land

13 This is what the Lord God says.

These are the boundaries you are to use to divide the land as an inheritance for the twelve tribes of Israel.

(Joseph is to have two portions.)

14 You will assign equal portions of the land that I swore with uplifted hand to give to your fathers. This is how the land will be allotted to you as an inheritance.

15 These are to be the boundaries of the land:

On the north side, the boundary goes from the Great Sea by way of Hethlon to Lebo Hamath to Zedad,[ds] 16 Beruthah, and Sibraim, which is on the border between the territories of Damascus and Hamath, as far as Hazer Hattikon, which is on the border of Hauran. 17 So the border will be from the sea to Hazar Enon, on the border of Damascus to the north, which also is the border of Hamath. This is the north side.

18 On the east side, the border will run from Hazar Enon between Hauran and Damascus. Between Gilead and the land of Israel, the Jordan is the border as far as the Eastern Sea.[dt] The border then will run to Tamar.[du] This is the east side.

19 On the south side, in the Negev, the border will run from Tamar to the waters of Meribah Kadesh, then along the Stream of Egypt to the Great Sea. This is the southern boundary in the Negev.

20 On the west side, the Great Sea is the border until a point opposite Lebo Hamath. This is the west side.

21 In this way you are to divide this land for yourselves, for the tribes of Israel. 22 You are to allot it as an inheritance for yourselves and for the aliens who have settled among you and who have fathered children among you. They are to be treated like someone who is native-born among the sons of Israel. With you they are to receive allotments as an inheritance among the tribes of Israel. 23 In whatever tribe an alien has settled, there you are to give him his inheritance, declares the Lord God.

The New Holy Land
The Northern Tribes

48 These are the names of the tribes.

The northern border runs east to west along the road between Hethlon, Lebo Hamath, and Hazar Enon, which forms the northern border of the territory of Damascus with the territory of Hamath.[dv] South of that line there will be one portion for Dan.
2 South of[dw] the boundary of Dan, from the east side to the west side of the land, there is to be one portion for Asher.
3 South of the boundary of Asher, from the east side to the west side, there is to be one portion for Naphtali.
4 South of the boundary of Naphtali, from the east side to the west side, there is to be one portion for Manasseh.
5 South of the boundary of Manasseh, from the east side to the west side, there is to be one portion for Ephraim.
6 South of the boundary of Ephraim, from the east side to the west side, there is to be one portion for Reuben.
7 South of the boundary of Reuben, from the east side to the west side, there is to be one portion for Judah.

The Central Holy Area

8 South of the boundary of Judah, from the east side to the west side, will be the special contribution you are to devote to special use. Its north-to-south width is twenty-five thousand cubits,[dx] and its east-to-west length is equal to one of the tribal portions from the eastern side of the land to the western side.[dy] The sanctuary will be in the midst of it.[dz]

The Place for the Temple

9 The contribution you are to devote to the Lord is to be twenty-five thousand cubits long and ten thousand cubits wide.[ea] 10 The holy contribution for the priests will be this: a rectangular area measuring twenty-five thousand cubits long on the north side, ten thousand cubits wide on the west, ten thousand cubits wide on the east, and twenty-five thousand cubits long on the south. The sanctuary of the Lord will be in the middle. 11 It will be for the priests, whoever has been consecrated from the sons of Zadok, who guarded the ministry for me, and who did not go astray when the other sons of Israel went astray, as also the Levites went astray. 12 It will be a special offering for them from the holy contribution of the land, a most holy district, beside the territory of the Levites.

The Place for the Levites

13 The Levites are to have a rectangular allotment parallel to the territory of the priests. Twenty-five thousand cubits is its length, and its width is ten thousand cubits. Its whole length is twenty-five thousand cubits, and its width is ten thousand cubits. 14 They must not sell any part of it nor exchange any of it. No one can transfer these firstfruits of the land, because they are holy, belonging to the Lord.

The City

15 The area five thousand cubits[eb] wide that remains along the south edge of the square of twenty-five thousand cubits is common land for the city, for living space and for open land. The city is to be in its center, between the two halves. 16 These are the city’s dimensions: a square measuring four thousand five hundred cubits on the north side, and four thousand five hundred cubits on the south side, and four thousand five hundred cubits on the east side, and four thousand five hundred cubits on the west side. 17 The open land belonging to the city will measure two hundred fifty cubits on the north side, and two hundred fifty cubits on the south, and two hundred fifty cubits on the east, and two hundred fifty cubits on the west.

18 The remaining area that runs lengthwise along the south side of the holy contribution will be ten thousand cubits east-to-west on the east side of the city, and ten thousand cubits east-to-west on the west side of the city. It shall be next to the holy contribution, and its produce shall be food for the workers of the city. 19 The workers of the city who cultivate it will be from all the tribes of Israel.

20 The entire holy contribution will be twenty-five thousand cubits by twenty-five thousand cubits, a square. Set apart this holy contribution, which includes the property of the city.

The Territory of the Prince

21 What remains of the holy contribution will belong to the prince. It lies on both sides of the holy contribution and the property of the city, extending from the eastern north-to-south boundary of the special contribution (which is twenty-five thousand cubits long) to the eastern border of the land, and on the west side, it will extend from the western north-to-south boundary of the special contribution (which is twenty-five thousand cubits long) to the western border of the land. The two portions belonging to the prince run parallel to the tribal portions. The holy contribution and the temple sanctuary will be between the two halves of the prince’s area. 22 The area consisting of the property of the Levites and the property of the city is between the two tracts that will belong to the prince. The area between the territory of Judah and the territory of Benjamin will belong to the prince.

The Southern Tribes

23 As for the rest of the tribes, from the east side of the land to the west side is one portion for Benjamin.
24 South of the boundary of Benjamin, from the east side to the west side, is one portion for Simeon.
25 South of the boundary of Simeon, from the east side to the west side, is one portion for Issachar.
26 South of the boundary of Issachar, from the east side to the west side, is one portion for Zebulun.
27 South of the boundary of Zebulun, from the east side to the west side, is one portion for Gad.
28 South of the boundary of Gad on the southern side, the border will run from Tamar to the Waters of Meribah Kadesh, to the Stream of Egypt, and to the Great Sea.

29 This is the land that you are to allot as an inheritance to the tribes of Israel, and these are their portions, declares the Lord God.

The City Once More

30 These are the outside boundaries of the city.

The north side is four thousand five hundred cubits long. 31 The gates of the city are named after the tribes of Israel. Three gates are located on the north: one gate of Reuben, one gate of Judah, and one gate of Levi.

32 On the east side, which is four thousand five hundred cubits long, there are three gates: one gate of Joseph, one gate of Benjamin, and one gate of Dan.

33 On the south side, which is four thousand five hundred cubits long, there are three gates: one gate of Simeon, one gate of Issachar, and one gate of Zebulun.

34 On the west side, which is four thousand five hundred cubits long, their gates are three: one gate of Gad, one gate of Asher, and one gate of Naphtali.

35 The perimeter of the city is eighteen thousand cubits,[ec] and the name of the city from that day on is “The Lord Is There.”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 38:2 Or the chief prince
  2. Ezekiel 38:3 Places far to the north, in present-day Ukraine and Russia
  3. Ezekiel 38:4 The biblical accounts regularly use the Hebrew term hamon to refer to hostile, heathen armies. This term refers to a noisy, disorderly crowd. In reference to a barbarian army, horde is an appropriate rendering.
  4. Ezekiel 38:5 Hebrew Paras, Cush, and Put. These are the most distant places Israel was familiar with in North Africa and Asia.
  5. Ezekiel 38:12 Literally navel
  6. Ezekiel 38:13 Literally young lions
  7. Ezekiel 39:11 The Dead Sea
  8. Ezekiel 39:16 Hamonah means horde.
  9. Ezekiel 40:1 The translation of many of the architectural features of the temple is very difficult. The footnotes will not attempt to list all the many options that have been suggested for some of the difficult words and phrases.
    There are also numerous textual variants in this section of Ezekiel. Not all of them will be reported in the footnotes.
    This temple plan was never implemented, even though the temple in Jerusalem was rebuilt within the same century in which Ezekiel received this plan. This description was not written to provide an architectural blueprint. Instead, it was designed for its symbolic meaning and emotional impact. The descriptions in Ezekiel 38–48 are parallel to the visions in Revelation 19–22.
  10. Ezekiel 40:1 Spring 573 bc
  11. Ezekiel 40:4 Literally look with your eyes, hear with your ears, and set your heart on
  12. Ezekiel 40:5 Feature A on the diagram of the temple
  13. Ezekiel 40:5 A long cubit is about 21 inches long instead of the standard 18 inches. A long cubit consists of the regular cubit (18 inches) plus a handbreadth (3 inches). The measuring rod is therefore about 10½ feet long. Because some of the numbers in the descriptions of the land and the temple have symbolic value, the translation (contrary to our normal practice) will retain the measurements in cubits. Footnotes converting some of the measurements to feet will help readers visualize the size of the temple and its objects. All conversions are rounded off.
  14. Ezekiel 40:6 The “gates” (Hebrew sha’ar) in the temple compound are not simply doored entryways. They are complex structures. The EHV generally uses gatehouse as the name for the structure and gateway for the passageway through the gatehouse, but it is not always possible to identify such distinctions with certainty. This gatehouse is structure B on the diagram.
  15. Ezekiel 40:6 The Hebrew reads measured the threshold of the gate, one rod deep, ⎣and one threshold, one rod deep.⎦ The words marked here by half-brackets are not included in the Greek text, and they do not appear in the translation above.
  16. Ezekiel 40:7 Or alcove
  17. Ezekiel 40:7 Almost 9 feet
  18. Ezekiel 40:7 Or porch or portico or antechamber. The presence of slits in the walls of the “porches” indicates that they were enclosed rooms.
  19. Ezekiel 40:8 Some manuscripts and versions omit the words marked by half-brackets in verse 8. These words seem to disagree with the measurement of the vestibule given in verse 9. There may have been some accidental duplication in the Hebrew text, but the two statements may be giving measurements of different parts of the vestibule and gatehouse. If the words in half-brackets, which are not included in the Greek text, are omitted, the text still reads smoothly.
  20. Ezekiel 40:9 About 14 feet
  21. Ezekiel 40:11 The passageway through the gatehouse was thus about 18 feet wide and 23 feet long.
  22. Ezekiel 40:12 About 10 feet
  23. Ezekiel 40:13 About 44 feet. The verse is difficult. It appears that this measurement is the total width of the gatehouse, including the passageway and the guardrooms on each side of it.
  24. Ezekiel 40:14 More than 100 feet
  25. Ezekiel 40:14 The meaning of this verse is uncertain, and translations vary widely. Some believe the measurement is the height of the gatehouse, but the measurement seems too large for that. Some translations therefore change the number from sixty to twenty cubits. Others believe the measurement is the perimeter of the gatehouse, but the measurement seems too small for that. In light of the uncertainty, the EHV retains a fairly literal translation, which does not alter the text.
  26. Ezekiel 40:15 About 90 feet
  27. Ezekiel 40:16 These were slots through which the defenders could shoot. They also let light into the gatehouse.
  28. Ezekiel 40:17 Features E and C on the diagram
  29. Ezekiel 40:19 About 175 feet
  30. Ezekiel 40:23 About 175 feet
  31. Ezekiel 40:28 Feature F on the diagram
  32. Ezekiel 40:30 About 44 feet by 9 feet
  33. Ezekiel 40:38 Feature G on the diagram
  34. Ezekiel 40:38 This sentence is difficult and interpretations vary.
  35. Ezekiel 40:43 About 3 inches
  36. Ezekiel 40:44 Feature I on the diagram
  37. Ezekiel 40:44 The Hebrew reads east gate, but the context requires south gate, which is the reading supported by the Greek text.
  38. Ezekiel 40:47 Feature H on the diagram
  39. Ezekiel 40:47 About 175 feet by 175 feet
  40. Ezekiel 40:48 Feature K on the diagram. The Hebrew text consistently calls the temple ha-bayit, the House. To avoid confusion, in this account the EHV regularly translates this term temple, rather than house, and it distinguishes the temple building from the temple complex or temple compound when necessary.
  41. Ezekiel 40:48 About 9 feet
  42. Ezekiel 40:48 About 25 feet
  43. Ezekiel 40:48 About 5 feet
  44. Ezekiel 40:48 The words in half-brackets are present in the Greek text but not in the Hebrew text. An omission from the Hebrew text may have occurred as the Hebrew scribe’s eye skipped from one occurrence of gate to another.
  45. Ezekiel 40:49 About 35 feet by 20 feet
  46. Ezekiel 40:49 The number ten is present in the Greek text. The Hebrew text has no number.
  47. Ezekiel 41:1 Feature L on the diagram. The Hebrew term is hekal. This room is also called the Holy Place.
  48. Ezekiel 41:1 About 10 feet. It is difficult to fit this number into the description in verse 2.
  49. Ezekiel 41:1 It is unclear whether this statement should be connected with verse 1 or verse 2. The standard Hebrew text reads the width of the tent, and there is support for this reading in the ancient versions. Many English translations omit the statement on the basis of limited manuscript evidence. The statement seems to be a comparison to the tent shrine built by Moses.
  50. Ezekiel 41:2 About 18 feet
  51. Ezekiel 41:2 About 9 feet
  52. Ezekiel 41:2 About 70 feet by 35 feet
  53. Ezekiel 41:3 Feature M on the diagram
  54. Ezekiel 41:3 About 3½ feet, 10½ feet, and 12¼ feet, respectively
  55. Ezekiel 41:4 About 35 feet by 35 feet
  56. Ezekiel 41:5 Inside the wall next to feature O on the diagram
  57. Ezekiel 41:7 The verse is very difficult, and the translation, especially in the middle of the verse, is uncertain. Compare it with the parallel section in 1 Kings 6.
  58. Ezekiel 41:8 The Hebrew of this verse is difficult.
  59. Ezekiel 41:9 Feature N on the diagram
  60. Ezekiel 41:10 About 35 feet
  61. Ezekiel 41:11 Or paved area. Literally the place.
  62. Ezekiel 41:11 Feature O on the diagram
  63. Ezekiel 41:12 This building is feature P on the diagram.
  64. Ezekiel 41:12 The meaning of this term is uncertain.
  65. Ezekiel 41:12 About 122 feet
  66. Ezekiel 41:12 About 188 feet
  67. Ezekiel 41:13 The temple building was about 175 feet by 90 feet.
  68. Ezekiel 41:15 Or the inside of the outer room of the sanctuary. The meaning of the expression is uncertain. See verse 17.
  69. Ezekiel 41:16 The division into sentences and verses and the translation throughout this section are uncertain.
  70. Ezekiel 41:17 The meaning of this term is uncertain. It may refer to a measured pattern.
  71. Ezekiel 41:20 Some manuscripts omit of the outer room of the sanctuary.
  72. Ezekiel 41:22 The altar was about 5 feet high and 3½ feet square.
  73. Ezekiel 41:22 Base is the reading of the Greek text. The Hebrew reads its length.
  74. Ezekiel 42:1 The interpretation of verses 1 and 2 is very difficult. It seems best to understand them as a reference to feature Q on the diagram, as the translation above does. This fits well with the measurements given in verse 2. Some, however, interpret these verses as a reference to feature C on the diagram and translate then he led me out into the outer courtyard north of the temple, and he brought me to a set of rooms on the other side of the restricted area, across from the temple along the north wall of the temple compound.
  75. Ezekiel 42:2 About 175 feet by 90 feet
  76. Ezekiel 42:3 Verse 3 is very difficult. It seems to refer to balconies on features Q and E on the diagram.
  77. Ezekiel 42:3 Or on the third floor
  78. Ezekiel 42:4 Feature R on the diagram
  79. Ezekiel 42:4 One hundred cubits is the reading of the Greek and Syriac. The Hebrew reads one cubit.
  80. Ezekiel 42:4 This apparently refers to the rooms on the south side of the northern courtyard.
  81. Ezekiel 42:6 The meaning of this verse is uncertain.
  82. Ezekiel 42:7 Feature S on the diagram
  83. Ezekiel 42:8 This seems to refer to rooms on the short and long sides of building Q.
  84. Ezekiel 42:9 The meaning of this verse is uncertain.
  85. Ezekiel 42:10 The translation follows the Greek. The Hebrew reads in the thickness of the wall.
  86. Ezekiel 42:10 The translation follows the Greek. The Hebrew reads on the east.
  87. Ezekiel 42:16 About 875 feet. The reading five hundred is from the margin of the Hebrew text. The in-text reading is five. There is also a textual question whether the dimensions of the area are 500 cubits or 500 rods.
  88. Ezekiel 43:3 The translation follows a variant found in some Hebrew manuscripts and ancient versions. Most Hebrew manuscripts read I. The reading I is possible if it refers to the fact that Ezekiel foretold the destruction.
  89. Ezekiel 43:7 The word most often means corpses or lifeless idols. There is no evidence for kings being buried at high places, so the reference is probably to lifeless idols or to ceremonies for the spirits of the dead kings.
  90. Ezekiel 43:13 Or trench
  91. Ezekiel 43:13 A span is nine inches.
  92. Ezekiel 43:15 The altar is about 18 feet tall. Its width is about 25 feet.
  93. Ezekiel 43:17 Or rim
  94. Ezekiel 43:17 Without the gutter or the horns, the altar is 10 cubits high (2+4+4). Its width at the base without the gutter is 16 cubits (1+1+12+1+1).
  95. Ezekiel 43:17 The Hebrew word may also mean steps, but Exodus 20:26 seems to forbid steps up to the altar.
  96. Ezekiel 43:20 The Hebrew is de-sin.
  97. Ezekiel 44:5 Literally set your heart on, look with your eyes, and hear with your ears
  98. Ezekiel 44:19 The Hebrew text has the words into the outer courtyard two times.
  99. Ezekiel 44:30 The meaning of this term is uncertain.
  100. Ezekiel 45:1 This area is somewhat more than eight miles by six miles. A Hebrew variant says that the district is 10,000 cubits wide. The Greek text says that it is 20,000 cubits wide. Which measurement is correct depends on whether the area being measured here is the whole district for both priests and Levites or only the portion for the priests. The context seems to refer to the whole district for the clergy, which was 20,000 cubits wide.
  101. Ezekiel 45:2 About 875 feet by 875 feet—smaller than today’s Temple Mount
  102. Ezekiel 45:4 This area is a band extending across the top 40% of the special area for the Lord.
  103. Ezekiel 45:5 The translation follows the Greek text. The Hebrew reads they will have as their possession twenty rooms.
  104. Ezekiel 45:5 This area covers the 40% of the special area that lies south of the area for the priests and the temple.
  105. Ezekiel 45:6 About 1.6 miles by 8.3 miles
  106. Ezekiel 45:6 Along the south side
  107. Ezekiel 45:10 An ephah is a measure of volume used for solids. A bath is a measure of volume for liquids. In this section, since ancient measurements are compared to other ancient measurements, the ancient measurements are retained rather than converting to modern measurements, which is the EHV’s usual practice. The value of many of these measurements is uncertain. An ephah is equal to about 20 quarts or 2⁄3 of a bushel. A bath is about 6 gallons. A homer is 10 ephahs or 10 baths, that is, 6 bushels or 60 gallons. A hin is about 1⁄6 of a bath, that is, 1 gallon. A shekel is about 4⁄10 ounce. A mina is about 1½ pounds or 24 ounces.
  108. Ezekiel 45:12 It is not apparent why such an unusual method is used to obtain the weight 60 shekels.
  109. Ezekiel 45:13 About 1.6%
  110. Ezekiel 45:14 About 1%
  111. Ezekiel 46:17 That is, the jubilee year
  112. Ezekiel 46:19 The meaning of this verse is uncertain. Apparently Ezekiel was led through or alongside feature Q so that he could see feature T on the diagram. For clarity, the translation provides some details that are not explicitly stated in the text.
  113. Ezekiel 46:21 Feature U on the diagram
  114. Ezekiel 46:21 Many translations omit the repetition of the final words. The double phrase is the equivalent of each and every.
  115. Ezekiel 46:22 The meaning of this word is uncertain.
  116. Ezekiel 46:22 About 70 feet by 52 feet
  117. Ezekiel 46:22 The last word in the Hebrew text of verse 22 is marked for omission by delete marks written in the Hebrew text. The translation omits this word.
  118. Ezekiel 47:3 About 1,750 feet
  119. Ezekiel 47:8 That is, the Dead Sea
  120. Ezekiel 47:8 The meaning of the phrase translated into the sea whose waters are unusable is uncertain. The Hebrew seems to read to the sea [the waters] which had been brought out.
  121. Ezekiel 47:8 Literally are healed
  122. Ezekiel 47:10 The Mediterranean Sea
  123. Ezekiel 47:15 The word order follows the Greek text.
  124. Ezekiel 47:18 The Dead Sea
  125. Ezekiel 47:18 The Greek text reads to the eastern sea and as far as Tamar (implying a Hebrew reading Tamar). The Hebrew text reads to the eastern sea you shall measure (Hebrew tamad). In Hebrew script r and d are sometimes indistinguishable.
  126. Ezekiel 48:1 The geographic details of this border are uncertain. It seems to lie considerably farther north than the tribal boundaries in the book of Joshua.
  127. Ezekiel 48:2 Literally next to
  128. Ezekiel 48:8 A little more than 8 miles
  129. Ezekiel 48:8 In the center of the holy area is a square 25,000 cubits by 25,000 cubits. East and west of this square is land for the prince.
  130. Ezekiel 48:8 Most interpreters believe that the sanctuary is not in the middle of the whole square, but in the middle of the priests’ portion of the square. See verse 10.
  131. Ezekiel 48:9 A little more than 8 miles by 3 miles in size, this portion is located along the north edge of the square.
  132. Ezekiel 48:15 A little more than 1½ miles
  133. Ezekiel 48:35 About 6 miles
Listen to Ezekiel 38-46
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Ezekiel 38-46
New International Version

The Lord’s Great Victory Over the Nations

38 The word of the Lord came to me: 2 “Son of man, set your face against Gog,(A) of the land of Magog,(B) the chief prince of[a] Meshek and Tubal;(C) prophesy against him 3 and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against you, Gog, chief prince of[b] Meshek and Tubal.(D) 4 I will turn you around, put hooks(E) in your jaws and bring you out with your whole army—your horses, your horsemen fully armed, and a great horde with large and small shields, all of them brandishing their swords.(F) 5 Persia, Cush[c](G) and Put(H) will be with them, all with shields and helmets, 6 also Gomer(I) with all its troops, and Beth Togarmah(J) from the far north(K) with all its troops—the many nations with you.

7 “‘Get ready; be prepared,(L) you and all the hordes gathered about you, and take command of them. 8 After many days(M) you will be called to arms. In future years you will invade a land that has recovered from war, whose people were gathered from many nations(N) to the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate. They had been brought out from the nations, and now all of them live in safety.(O) 9 You and all your troops and the many nations with you will go up, advancing like a storm;(P) you will be like a cloud(Q) covering the land.(R)

10 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: On that day thoughts will come into your mind(S) and you will devise an evil scheme.(T) 11 You will say, “I will invade a land of unwalled villages; I will attack a peaceful and unsuspecting people(U)—all of them living without walls and without gates and bars.(V) 12 I will plunder and loot and turn my hand against the resettled ruins and the people gathered from the nations, rich in livestock and goods, living at the center of the land.[d]” 13 Sheba(W) and Dedan(X) and the merchants of Tarshish(Y) and all her villages[e] will say to you, “Have you come to plunder? Have you gathered your hordes to loot, to carry off silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods and to seize much plunder?(Z)”’

14 “Therefore, son of man, prophesy and say to Gog: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: In that day, when my people Israel are living in safety,(AA) will you not take notice of it? 15 You will come from your place in the far north,(AB) you and many nations with you, all of them riding on horses, a great horde, a mighty army.(AC) 16 You will advance against my people Israel like a cloud(AD) that covers the land.(AE) In days to come, Gog, I will bring you against my land, so that the nations may know me when I am proved holy(AF) through you before their eyes.(AG)

17 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: You are the one I spoke of in former days by my servants the prophets of Israel. At that time they prophesied for years that I would bring you against them. 18 This is what will happen in that day: When Gog attacks the land of Israel, my hot anger will be aroused, declares the Sovereign Lord. 19 In my zeal and fiery wrath I declare that at that time there shall be a great earthquake(AH) in the land of Israel.(AI) 20 The fish in the sea, the birds in the sky, the beasts of the field, every creature that moves along the ground, and all the people on the face of the earth will tremble(AJ) at my presence. The mountains will be overturned,(AK) the cliffs will crumble(AL) and every wall will fall to the ground.(AM) 21 I will summon a sword(AN) against Gog on all my mountains, declares the Sovereign Lord. Every man’s sword will be against his brother.(AO) 22 I will execute judgment(AP) on him with plague and bloodshed;(AQ) I will pour down torrents of rain, hailstones(AR) and burning sulfur(AS) on him and on his troops and on the many nations with him.(AT) 23 And so I will show my greatness and my holiness, and I will make myself known in the sight of many nations. Then they will know that I am the Lord.(AU)’

39 “Son of man, prophesy against Gog(AV) and say: ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against you, Gog, chief prince of[f] Meshek(AW) and Tubal.(AX) 2 I will turn you around and drag you along. I will bring you from the far north(AY) and send you against the mountains of Israel.(AZ) 3 Then I will strike your bow(BA) from your left hand and make your arrows(BB) drop from your right hand. 4 On the mountains of Israel you will fall, you and all your troops and the nations with you. I will give you as food to all kinds of carrion birds(BC) and to the wild animals.(BD) 5 You will fall in the open field, for I have spoken, declares the Sovereign Lord.(BE) 6 I will send fire(BF) on Magog(BG) and on those who live in safety in the coastlands,(BH) and they will know(BI) that I am the Lord.

7 “‘I will make known my holy name among my people Israel. I will no longer let my holy name be profaned,(BJ) and the nations will know(BK) that I the Lord am the Holy One in Israel.(BL) 8 It is coming! It will surely take place, declares the Sovereign Lord. This is the day(BM) I have spoken of.

9 “‘Then those who live in the towns of Israel will go out and use the weapons for fuel and burn them up—the small and large shields, the bows and arrows,(BN) the war clubs and spears. For seven years they will use them for fuel.(BO) 10 They will not need to gather wood from the fields or cut it from the forests, because they will use the weapons for fuel. And they will plunder(BP) those who plundered them and loot those who looted them, declares the Sovereign Lord.(BQ)

11 “‘On that day I will give Gog a burial place in Israel, in the valley of those who travel east of the Sea. It will block the way of travelers, because Gog and all his hordes will be buried(BR) there. So it will be called the Valley of Hamon Gog.[g](BS)

12 “‘For seven months the Israelites will be burying them in order to cleanse the land.(BT) 13 All the people of the land will bury them, and the day I display my glory(BU) will be a memorable day for them, declares the Sovereign Lord. 14 People will be continually employed in cleansing the land. They will spread out across the land and, along with others, they will bury any bodies that are lying on the ground.

“‘After the seven months they will carry out a more detailed search. 15 As they go through the land, anyone who sees a human bone will leave a marker beside it until the gravediggers bury it in the Valley of Hamon Gog, 16 near a town called Hamonah.[h] And so they will cleanse the land.’

17 “Son of man, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: Call out to every kind of bird(BV) and all the wild animals: ‘Assemble and come together from all around to the sacrifice I am preparing for you, the great sacrifice on the mountains of Israel. There you will eat flesh and drink blood.(BW) 18 You will eat the flesh of mighty men and drink the blood of the princes of the earth as if they were rams and lambs, goats and bulls—all of them fattened animals from Bashan.(BX) 19 At the sacrifice(BY) I am preparing for you, you will eat fat till you are glutted and drink blood till you are drunk. 20 At my table you will eat your fill of horses and riders, mighty men and soldiers of every kind,’ declares the Sovereign Lord.(BZ)

21 “I will display my glory among the nations, and all the nations will see the punishment I inflict and the hand I lay on them.(CA) 22 From that day forward the people of Israel will know that I am the Lord their God. 23 And the nations will know that the people of Israel went into exile for their sin, because they were unfaithful to me. So I hid my face from them and handed them over to their enemies, and they all fell by the sword.(CB) 24 I dealt with them according to their uncleanness and their offenses, and I hid my face from them.(CC)

25 “Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will now restore the fortunes of Jacob[i](CD) and will have compassion(CE) on all the people of Israel, and I will be zealous for my holy name.(CF) 26 They will forget their shame and all the unfaithfulness they showed toward me when they lived in safety(CG) in their land with no one to make them afraid.(CH) 27 When I have brought them back from the nations and have gathered them from the countries of their enemies, I will be proved holy through them in the sight of many nations.(CI) 28 Then they will know that I am the Lord their God, for though I sent them into exile among the nations, I will gather them(CJ) to their own land, not leaving any behind.(CK) 29 I will no longer hide my face(CL) from them, for I will pour out my Spirit(CM) on the people of Israel, declares the Sovereign Lord.(CN)”

The Temple Area Restored

40 In the twenty-fifth year of our exile, at the beginning of the year, on the tenth of the month, in the fourteenth year after the fall of the city(CO)—on that very day the hand of the Lord was on me(CP) and he took me there. 2 In visions(CQ) of God he took me to the land of Israel and set me on a very high mountain,(CR) on whose south side were some buildings that looked like a city. 3 He took me there, and I saw a man whose appearance was like bronze;(CS) he was standing in the gateway with a linen cord and a measuring rod(CT) in his hand. 4 The man said to me, “Son of man, look carefully and listen closely and pay attention to everything I am going to show you,(CU) for that is why you have been brought here. Tell(CV) the people of Israel everything you see.(CW)”

The East Gate to the Outer Court

5 I saw a wall completely surrounding the temple area. The length of the measuring rod in the man’s hand was six long cubits,[j] each of which was a cubit and a handbreadth. He measured(CX) the wall; it was one measuring rod thick and one rod high.

6 Then he went to the east gate.(CY) He climbed its steps and measured the threshold of the gate; it was one rod deep. 7 The alcoves(CZ) for the guards were one rod long and one rod wide, and the projecting walls between the alcoves were five cubits[k] thick. And the threshold of the gate next to the portico facing the temple was one rod deep.

8 Then he measured the portico of the gateway; 9 it[l] was eight cubits[m] deep and its jambs were two cubits[n] thick. The portico of the gateway faced the temple.

10 Inside the east gate were three alcoves on each side; the three had the same measurements, and the faces of the projecting walls on each side had the same measurements. 11 Then he measured the width of the entrance of the gateway; it was ten cubits and its length was thirteen cubits.[o] 12 In front of each alcove was a wall one cubit high, and the alcoves were six cubits square. 13 Then he measured the gateway from the top of the rear wall of one alcove to the top of the opposite one; the distance was twenty-five cubits[p] from one parapet opening to the opposite one. 14 He measured along the faces of the projecting walls all around the inside of the gateway—sixty cubits.[q] The measurement was up to the portico[r] facing the courtyard.[s](DA) 15 The distance from the entrance of the gateway to the far end of its portico was fifty cubits.[t] 16 The alcoves and the projecting walls inside the gateway were surmounted by narrow parapet openings all around, as was the portico; the openings all around faced inward. The faces of the projecting walls were decorated with palm trees.(DB)

The Outer Court

17 Then he brought me into the outer court.(DC) There I saw some rooms and a pavement that had been constructed all around the court; there were thirty rooms(DD) along the pavement.(DE) 18 It abutted the sides of the gateways and was as wide as they were long; this was the lower pavement. 19 Then he measured the distance from the inside of the lower gateway to the outside of the inner court;(DF) it was a hundred cubits[u](DG) on the east side as well as on the north.

The North Gate

20 Then he measured the length and width of the north gate, leading into the outer court. 21 Its alcoves(DH)—three on each side—its projecting walls and its portico(DI) had the same measurements as those of the first gateway. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 22 Its openings, its portico(DJ) and its palm tree decorations had the same measurements as those of the gate facing east. Seven steps led up to it, with its portico opposite them.(DK) 23 There was a gate to the inner court facing the north gate, just as there was on the east. He measured from one gate to the opposite one; it was a hundred cubits.(DL)

The South Gate

24 Then he led me to the south side and I saw the south gate. He measured its jambs and its portico, and they had the same measurements(DM) as the others. 25 The gateway and its portico had narrow openings all around, like the openings of the others. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide.(DN) 26 Seven steps led up to it, with its portico opposite them; it had palm tree decorations on the faces of the projecting walls on each side.(DO) 27 The inner court(DP) also had a gate facing south, and he measured from this gate to the outer gate on the south side; it was a hundred cubits.(DQ)

The Gates to the Inner Court

28 Then he brought me into the inner court through the south gate, and he measured the south gate; it had the same measurements(DR) as the others. 29 Its alcoves,(DS) its projecting walls and its portico had the same measurements as the others. The gateway and its portico had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide.(DT) 30 (The porticoes(DU) of the gateways around the inner court were twenty-five cubits wide and five cubits deep.) 31 Its portico(DV) faced the outer court; palm trees decorated its jambs, and eight steps led up to it.(DW)

32 Then he brought me to the inner court on the east side, and he measured the gateway; it had the same measurements(DX) as the others. 33 Its alcoves,(DY) its projecting walls and its portico had the same measurements as the others. The gateway and its portico had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 34 Its portico(DZ) faced the outer court; palm trees decorated the jambs on either side, and eight steps led up to it.

35 Then he brought me to the north gate(EA) and measured it. It had the same measurements(EB) as the others, 36 as did its alcoves,(EC) its projecting walls and its portico, and it had openings all around. It was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits wide. 37 Its portico[v](ED) faced the outer court; palm trees decorated the jambs on either side, and eight steps led up to it.(EE)

The Rooms for Preparing Sacrifices

38 A room with a doorway was by the portico in each of the inner gateways, where the burnt offerings(EF) were washed. 39 In the portico of the gateway were two tables on each side, on which the burnt offerings,(EG) sin offerings[w](EH) and guilt offerings(EI) were slaughtered.(EJ) 40 By the outside wall of the portico of the gateway, near the steps at the entrance of the north gateway were two tables, and on the other side of the steps were two tables. 41 So there were four tables on one side of the gateway and four on the other—eight tables in all—on which the sacrifices were slaughtered. 42 There were also four tables of dressed stone(EK) for the burnt offerings, each a cubit and a half long, a cubit and a half wide and a cubit high.[x] On them were placed the utensils for slaughtering the burnt offerings and the other sacrifices.(EL) 43 And double-pronged hooks, each a handbreadth[y] long, were attached to the wall all around. The tables were for the flesh of the offerings.

The Rooms for the Priests

44 Outside the inner gate, within the inner court, were two rooms, one[z] at the side of the north gate and facing south, and another at the side of the south[aa] gate and facing north. 45 He said to me, “The room facing south is for the priests who guard the temple,(EM) 46 and the room facing north(EN) is for the priests who guard the altar.(EO) These are the sons of Zadok,(EP) who are the only Levites who may draw near to the Lord to minister before him.(EQ)”

47 Then he measured the court: It was square—a hundred cubits long and a hundred cubits wide. And the altar was in front of the temple.(ER)

The New Temple

48 He brought me to the portico of the temple(ES) and measured the jambs of the portico; they were five cubits wide on either side. The width of the entrance was fourteen cubits[ab] and its projecting walls were[ac] three cubits[ad] wide on either side. 49 The portico(ET) was twenty cubits[ae] wide, and twelve[af] cubits[ag] from front to back. It was reached by a flight of stairs,[ah] and there were pillars(EU) on each side of the jambs.

41 Then the man brought me to the main hall(EV) and measured the jambs; the width of the jambs was six cubits[ai] on each side.[aj] 2 The entrance was ten cubits[ak] wide, and the projecting walls on each side of it were five cubits[al] wide. He also measured the main hall; it was forty cubits long and twenty cubits wide.[am](EW)

3 Then he went into the inner sanctuary and measured the jambs of the entrance; each was two cubits[an] wide. The entrance was six cubits wide, and the projecting walls on each side of it were seven cubits[ao] wide. 4 And he measured the length of the inner sanctuary; it was twenty cubits, and its width was twenty cubits across the end of the main hall.(EX) He said to me, “This is the Most Holy Place.(EY)”

5 Then he measured the wall of the temple; it was six cubits thick, and each side room around the temple was four cubits[ap] wide. 6 The side rooms were on three levels, one above another, thirty(EZ) on each level. There were ledges all around the wall of the temple to serve as supports for the side rooms, so that the supports were not inserted into the wall of the temple.(FA) 7 The side rooms all around the temple were wider at each successive level. The structure surrounding the temple was built in ascending stages, so that the rooms widened as one went upward. A stairway(FB) went up from the lowest floor to the top floor through the middle floor.

8 I saw that the temple had a raised base all around it, forming the foundation of the side rooms. It was the length of the rod, six long cubits. 9 The outer wall of the side rooms was five cubits thick. The open area between the side rooms of the temple 10 and the priests’ rooms was twenty cubits wide all around the temple. 11 There were entrances to the side rooms from the open area, one on the north and another on the south; and the base adjoining the open area was five cubits wide all around.

12 The building facing the temple courtyard on the west side was seventy cubits[aq] wide. The wall of the building was five cubits thick all around, and its length was ninety cubits.[ar]

13 Then he measured the temple; it was a hundred cubits[as] long, and the temple courtyard and the building with its walls were also a hundred cubits long. 14 The width of the temple courtyard on the east, including the front of the temple, was a hundred cubits.(FC)

15 Then he measured the length of the building facing the courtyard at the rear of the temple, including its galleries(FD) on each side; it was a hundred cubits.

The main hall, the inner sanctuary and the portico facing the court, 16 as well as the thresholds and the narrow windows(FE) and galleries around the three of them—everything beyond and including the threshold was covered with wood. The floor, the wall up to the windows, and the windows were covered.(FF) 17 In the space above the outside of the entrance to the inner sanctuary and on the walls at regular intervals all around the inner and outer sanctuary 18 were carved(FG) cherubim(FH) and palm trees.(FI) Palm trees alternated with cherubim. Each cherub had two faces:(FJ) 19 the face of a human being toward the palm tree on one side and the face of a lion toward the palm tree on the other. They were carved all around the whole temple.(FK) 20 From the floor to the area above the entrance, cherubim and palm trees were carved on the wall of the main hall.

21 The main hall(FL) had a rectangular doorframe, and the one at the front of the Most Holy Place was similar. 22 There was a wooden altar(FM) three cubits[at] high and two cubits square[au]; its corners, its base[av] and its sides were of wood. The man said to me, “This is the table(FN) that is before the Lord.” 23 Both the main hall(FO) and the Most Holy Place had double doors.(FP) 24 Each door had two leaves—two hinged leaves(FQ) for each door. 25 And on the doors of the main hall were carved cherubim and palm trees like those carved on the walls, and there was a wooden overhang on the front of the portico. 26 On the sidewalls of the portico were narrow windows with palm trees carved on each side. The side rooms of the temple also had overhangs.(FR)

The Rooms for the Priests

42 Then the man led me northward into the outer court and brought me to the rooms(FS) opposite the temple courtyard(FT) and opposite the outer wall on the north side.(FU) 2 The building whose door faced north was a hundred cubits long and fifty cubits wide.[aw] 3 Both in the section twenty cubits[ax] from the inner court and in the section opposite the pavement of the outer court, gallery(FV) faced gallery at the three levels.(FW) 4 In front of the rooms was an inner passageway ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits[ay] long.[az] Their doors were on the north.(FX) 5 Now the upper rooms were narrower, for the galleries took more space from them than from the rooms on the lower and middle floors of the building. 6 The rooms on the top floor had no pillars, as the courts had; so they were smaller in floor space than those on the lower and middle floors. 7 There was an outer wall parallel to the rooms and the outer court; it extended in front of the rooms for fifty cubits. 8 While the row of rooms on the side next to the outer court was fifty cubits long, the row on the side nearest the sanctuary was a hundred cubits long. 9 The lower rooms had an entrance(FY) on the east side as one enters them from the outer court.

10 On the south side[ba] along the length of the wall of the outer court, adjoining the temple courtyard(FZ) and opposite the outer wall, were rooms(GA) 11 with a passageway in front of them. These were like the rooms on the north; they had the same length and width, with similar exits and dimensions. Similar to the doorways on the north 12 were the doorways of the rooms on the south. There was a doorway at the beginning of the passageway that was parallel to the corresponding wall extending eastward, by which one enters the rooms.

13 Then he said to me, “The north(GB) and south rooms(GC) facing the temple courtyard(GD) are the priests’ rooms, where the priests who approach the Lord will eat the most holy offerings. There they will put the most holy offerings—the grain offerings,(GE) the sin offerings[bb](GF) and the guilt offerings(GG)—for the place is holy.(GH) 14 Once the priests enter the holy precincts, they are not to go into the outer court until they leave behind the garments(GI) in which they minister, for these are holy. They are to put on other clothes before they go near the places that are for the people.(GJ)”

15 When he had finished measuring what was inside the temple area, he led me out by the east gate(GK) and measured the area all around: 16 He measured the east side with the measuring rod; it was five hundred cubits.[bc][bd] 17 He measured the north side; it was five hundred cubits[be] by the measuring rod. 18 He measured the south side; it was five hundred cubits by the measuring rod. 19 Then he turned to the west side and measured; it was five hundred cubits by the measuring rod. 20 So he measured(GL) the area(GM) on all four sides. It had a wall around it,(GN) five hundred cubits long and five hundred cubits wide,(GO) to separate the holy from the common.(GP)

God’s Glory Returns to the Temple

43 Then the man brought me to the gate facing east,(GQ) 2 and I saw the glory of the God of Israel coming from the east. His voice was like the roar of rushing waters,(GR) and the land was radiant with his glory.(GS) 3 The vision I saw was like the vision I had seen when he[bf] came to destroy the city and like the visions I had seen by the Kebar River, and I fell facedown. 4 The glory(GT) of the Lord entered the temple through the gate facing east.(GU) 5 Then the Spirit(GV) lifted me up(GW) and brought me into the inner court, and the glory(GX) of the Lord filled the temple.(GY)

6 While the man was standing beside me, I heard someone speaking to me from inside the temple. 7 He said: “Son of man, this is the place of my throne(GZ) and the place for the soles of my feet. This is where I will live among the Israelites forever. The people of Israel will never again defile(HA) my holy name—neither they nor their kings—by their prostitution and the funeral offerings[bg] for their kings at their death.[bh](HB) 8 When they placed their threshold next to my threshold and their doorposts beside my doorposts, with only a wall between me and them, they defiled my holy name by their detestable practices. So I destroyed them in my anger. 9 Now let them put away from me their prostitution and the funeral offerings for their kings, and I will live among them forever.(HC)

10 “Son of man, describe the temple to the people of Israel, that they may be ashamed(HD) of their sins. Let them consider its perfection, 11 and if they are ashamed of all they have done, make known to them the design of the temple—its arrangement, its exits and entrances—its whole design and all its regulations[bi] and laws. Write these down before them so that they may be faithful to its design and follow all its regulations.(HE)

12 “This is the law of the temple: All the surrounding area(HF) on top of the mountain will be most holy.(HG) Such is the law of the temple.

The Great Altar Restored

13 “These are the measurements of the altar(HH) in long cubits,[bj] that cubit being a cubit and a handbreadth: Its gutter is a cubit deep and a cubit wide, with a rim of one span[bk] around the edge. And this is the height of the altar: 14 From the gutter on the ground up to the lower ledge that goes around the altar it is two cubits high, and the ledge is a cubit wide.[bl] From this lower ledge to the upper ledge that goes around the altar it is four cubits high, and that ledge is also a cubit wide.[bm] 15 Above that, the altar hearth(HI) is four cubits high, and four horns(HJ) project upward from the hearth. 16 The altar hearth is square, twelve cubits[bn] long and twelve cubits wide.(HK) 17 The upper ledge(HL) also is square, fourteen cubits[bo] long and fourteen cubits wide. All around the altar is a gutter of one cubit with a rim of half a cubit.[bp] The steps(HM) of the altar face east.(HN)”

18 Then he said to me, “Son of man, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: These will be the regulations for sacrificing burnt offerings(HO) and splashing blood(HP) against the altar when it is built: 19 You are to give a young bull(HQ) as a sin offering[bq] to the Levitical priests of the family of Zadok,(HR) who come near(HS) to minister before me, declares the Sovereign Lord. 20 You are to take some of its blood and put it on the four horns of the altar(HT) and on the four corners of the upper ledge(HU) and all around the rim, and so purify the altar(HV) and make atonement for it. 21 You are to take the bull for the sin offering and burn it in the designated part of the temple area outside the sanctuary.(HW)

22 “On the second day you are to offer a male goat without defect for a sin offering, and the altar is to be purified as it was purified with the bull. 23 When you have finished purifying it, you are to offer a young bull and a ram from the flock, both without defect.(HX) 24 You are to offer them before the Lord, and the priests are to sprinkle salt(HY) on them and sacrifice them as a burnt offering to the Lord.

25 “For seven days(HZ) you are to provide a male goat daily for a sin offering; you are also to provide a young bull and a ram from the flock, both without defect.(IA) 26 For seven days they are to make atonement for the altar and cleanse it; thus they will dedicate it. 27 At the end of these days, from the eighth day(IB) on, the priests are to present your burnt offerings(IC) and fellowship offerings(ID) on the altar. Then I will accept you, declares the Sovereign Lord.”

The Priesthood Restored

44 Then the man brought me back to the outer gate of the sanctuary, the one facing east,(IE) and it was shut. 2 The Lord said to me, “This gate is to remain shut. It must not be opened; no one may enter through it.(IF) It is to remain shut because the Lord, the God of Israel, has entered through it. 3 The prince himself is the only one who may sit inside the gateway to eat in the presence(IG) of the Lord. He is to enter by way of the portico of the gateway and go out the same way.(IH)”

4 Then the man brought me by way of the north gate(II) to the front of the temple. I looked and saw the glory of the Lord filling the temple(IJ) of the Lord, and I fell facedown.(IK)

5 The Lord said to me, “Son of man, look carefully, listen closely and give attention to everything I tell you concerning all the regulations and instructions regarding the temple of the Lord. Give attention to the entrance(IL) to the temple and all the exits of the sanctuary.(IM) 6 Say to rebellious Israel,(IN) ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Enough of your detestable practices, people of Israel! 7 In addition to all your other detestable practices, you brought foreigners uncircumcised in heart(IO) and flesh into my sanctuary, desecrating my temple while you offered me food, fat and blood, and you broke my covenant.(IP) 8 Instead of carrying out your duty in regard to my holy things, you put others in charge of my sanctuary.(IQ) 9 This is what the Sovereign Lord says: No foreigner uncircumcised in heart and flesh is to enter my sanctuary, not even the foreigners who live among the Israelites.(IR)

10 “‘The Levites who went far from me when Israel went astray(IS) and who wandered from me after their idols must bear the consequences of their sin.(IT) 11 They may serve in my sanctuary, having charge of the gates of the temple and serving in it; they may slaughter the burnt offerings(IU) and sacrifices for the people and stand before the people and serve them.(IV) 12 But because they served them in the presence of their idols and made the people of Israel fall(IW) into sin, therefore I have sworn with uplifted hand(IX) that they must bear the consequences of their sin, declares the Sovereign Lord.(IY) 13 They are not to come near to serve me as priests or come near any of my holy things or my most holy offerings; they must bear the shame(IZ) of their detestable practices.(JA) 14 And I will appoint them to guard the temple for all the work that is to be done in it.(JB)

15 “‘But the Levitical priests, who are descendants of Zadok(JC) and who guarded my sanctuary when the Israelites went astray from me, are to come near to minister before me; they are to stand before me to offer sacrifices of fat(JD) and blood, declares the Sovereign Lord.(JE) 16 They alone are to enter my sanctuary; they alone are to come near my table(JF) to minister before me and serve me as guards.(JG)

17 “‘When they enter the gates of the inner court, they are to wear linen clothes;(JH) they must not wear any woolen garment while ministering at the gates of the inner court or inside the temple. 18 They are to wear linen turbans(JI) on their heads and linen undergarments(JJ) around their waists. They must not wear anything that makes them perspire.(JK) 19 When they go out into the outer court where the people are, they are to take off the clothes they have been ministering in and are to leave them in the sacred rooms, and put on other clothes, so that the people are not consecrated(JL) through contact with their garments.(JM)

20 “‘They must not shave(JN) their heads or let their hair grow long, but they are to keep the hair of their heads trimmed.(JO) 21 No priest is to drink wine when he enters the inner court.(JP) 22 They must not marry widows or divorced women; they may marry only virgins of Israelite descent or widows of priests.(JQ) 23 They are to teach my people the difference between the holy and the common(JR) and show them how to distinguish between the unclean and the clean.(JS)

24 “‘In any dispute, the priests are to serve as judges(JT) and decide it according to my ordinances. They are to keep my laws and my decrees for all my appointed festivals,(JU) and they are to keep my Sabbaths holy.(JV)

25 “‘A priest must not defile himself by going near a dead person; however, if the dead person was his father or mother, son or daughter, brother or unmarried sister, then he may defile himself.(JW) 26 After he is cleansed, he must wait seven days.(JX) 27 On the day he goes into the inner court of the sanctuary(JY) to minister in the sanctuary, he is to offer a sin offering[br](JZ) for himself, declares the Sovereign Lord.

28 “‘I am to be the only inheritance(KA) the priests have. You are to give them no possession in Israel; I will be their possession. 29 They will eat(KB) the grain offerings, the sin offerings and the guilt offerings; and everything in Israel devoted[bs] to the Lord(KC) will belong to them.(KD) 30 The best of all the firstfruits(KE) and of all your special gifts will belong to the priests. You are to give them the first portion of your ground meal(KF) so that a blessing(KG) may rest on your household.(KH) 31 The priests must not eat anything, whether bird or animal, found dead(KI) or torn by wild animals.(KJ)

Israel Fully Restored

45 “‘When you allot the land as an inheritance,(KK) you are to present to the Lord a portion of the land as a sacred district, 25,000 cubits[bt] long and 20,000[bu] cubits[bv] wide; the entire area will be holy.(KL) 2 Of this, a section 500 cubits[bw] square(KM) is to be for the sanctuary, with 50 cubits[bx] around it for open land. 3 In the sacred district, measure off a section 25,000 cubits long and 10,000 cubits[by] wide. In it will be the sanctuary, the Most Holy Place. 4 It will be the sacred portion of the land for the priests,(KN) who minister in the sanctuary and who draw near to minister before the Lord. It will be a place for their houses as well as a holy place for the sanctuary.(KO) 5 An area 25,000 cubits long and 10,000 cubits wide will belong to the Levites, who serve in the temple, as their possession for towns to live in.[bz](KP)

6 “‘You are to give the city as its property an area 5,000 cubits[ca] wide and 25,000 cubits long, adjoining the sacred portion; it will belong to all Israel.(KQ)

7 “‘The prince will have the land bordering each side of the area formed by the sacred district and the property of the city. It will extend westward from the west side and eastward from the east side, running lengthwise from the western to the eastern border parallel to one of the tribal portions.(KR) 8 This land will be his possession in Israel. And my princes will no longer oppress my people but will allow the people of Israel to possess the land according to their tribes.(KS)

9 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: You have gone far enough, princes of Israel! Give up your violence and oppression(KT) and do what is just and right.(KU) Stop dispossessing my people, declares the Sovereign Lord. 10 You are to use accurate scales,(KV) an accurate ephah[cb](KW) and an accurate bath.[cc] 11 The ephah(KX) and the bath are to be the same size, the bath containing a tenth of a homer and the ephah a tenth of a homer; the homer is to be the standard measure for both. 12 The shekel[cd] is to consist of twenty gerahs.(KY) Twenty shekels plus twenty-five shekels plus fifteen shekels equal one mina.[ce]

13 “‘This is the special gift you are to offer: a sixth of an ephah[cf] from each homer of wheat and a sixth of an ephah[cg] from each homer of barley. 14 The prescribed portion of olive oil, measured by the bath, is a tenth of a bath[ch] from each cor (which consists of ten baths or one homer, for ten baths are equivalent to a homer). 15 Also one sheep is to be taken from every flock of two hundred from the well-watered pastures of Israel. These will be used for the grain offerings, burnt offerings(KZ) and fellowship offerings to make atonement(LA) for the people, declares the Sovereign Lord. 16 All the people of the land will be required to give this special offering to the prince in Israel. 17 It will be the duty of the prince to provide the burnt offerings, grain offerings and drink offerings at the festivals, the New Moons(LB) and the Sabbaths(LC)—at all the appointed festivals of Israel. He will provide the sin offerings,[ci] grain offerings, burnt offerings and fellowship offerings to make atonement for the Israelites.(LD)

18 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: In the first month(LE) on the first day you are to take a young bull without defect(LF) and purify the sanctuary.(LG) 19 The priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering and put it on the doorposts of the temple, on the four corners of the upper ledge(LH) of the altar(LI) and on the gateposts of the inner court. 20 You are to do the same on the seventh day of the month for anyone who sins unintentionally(LJ) or through ignorance; so you are to make atonement for the temple.

21 “‘In the first month on the fourteenth day you are to observe the Passover,(LK) a festival lasting seven days, during which you shall eat bread made without yeast. 22 On that day the prince is to provide a bull as a sin offering for himself and for all the people of the land.(LL) 23 Every day during the seven days of the festival he is to provide seven bulls and seven rams(LM) without defect as a burnt offering to the Lord, and a male goat for a sin offering.(LN) 24 He is to provide as a grain offering(LO) an ephah for each bull and an ephah for each ram, along with a hin[cj] of olive oil for each ephah.(LP)

25 “‘During the seven days of the festival,(LQ) which begins in the seventh month on the fifteenth day, he is to make the same provision for sin offerings, burnt offerings, grain offerings and oil.(LR)

46 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: The gate of the inner court(LS) facing east(LT) is to be shut on the six working days, but on the Sabbath day and on the day of the New Moon(LU) it is to be opened. 2 The prince is to enter from the outside through the portico(LV) of the gateway and stand by the gatepost. The priests are to sacrifice his burnt offering(LW) and his fellowship offerings. He is to bow down in worship at the threshold of the gateway and then go out, but the gate will not be shut until evening.(LX) 3 On the Sabbaths(LY) and New Moons the people of the land are to worship in the presence of the Lord at the entrance of that gateway.(LZ) 4 The burnt offering the prince brings to the Lord on the Sabbath day is to be six male lambs and a ram, all without defect. 5 The grain offering given with the ram is to be an ephah,[ck] and the grain offering with the lambs is to be as much as he pleases, along with a hin[cl] of olive oil for each ephah.(MA) 6 On the day of the New Moon(MB) he is to offer a young bull, six lambs and a ram, all without defect.(MC) 7 He is to provide as a grain offering one ephah with the bull, one ephah with the ram, and with the lambs as much as he wants to give, along with a hin of oil for each ephah.(MD) 8 When the prince enters, he is to go in through the portico(ME) of the gateway, and he is to come out the same way.(MF)

9 “‘When the people of the land come before the Lord at the appointed festivals,(MG) whoever enters by the north gate to worship is to go out the south gate; and whoever enters by the south gate is to go out the north gate. No one is to return through the gate by which they entered, but each is to go out the opposite gate. 10 The prince is to be among them, going in when they go in and going out when they go out.(MH) 11 At the feasts and the appointed festivals, the grain offering is to be an ephah with a bull, an ephah with a ram, and with the lambs as much as he pleases, along with a hin of oil for each ephah.(MI)

12 “‘When the prince provides(MJ) a freewill offering(MK) to the Lord—whether a burnt offering or fellowship offerings—the gate facing east is to be opened for him. He shall offer his burnt offering or his fellowship offerings as he does on the Sabbath day. Then he shall go out, and after he has gone out, the gate will be shut.(ML)

13 “‘Every day you are to provide a year-old lamb without defect for a burnt offering to the Lord; morning by morning(MM) you shall provide it.(MN) 14 You are also to provide with it morning by morning a grain offering, consisting of a sixth of an ephah[cm] with a third of a hin[cn] of oil(MO) to moisten the flour. The presenting of this grain offering to the Lord is a lasting ordinance.(MP) 15 So the lamb and the grain offering and the oil shall be provided morning by morning for a regular(MQ) burnt offering.(MR)

16 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: If the prince makes a gift from his inheritance to one of his sons, it will also belong to his descendants; it is to be their property by inheritance.(MS) 17 If, however, he makes a gift from his inheritance to one of his servants, the servant may keep it until the year of freedom;(MT) then it will revert to the prince. His inheritance belongs to his sons only; it is theirs. 18 The prince must not take(MU) any of the inheritance(MV) of the people, driving them off their property. He is to give his sons their inheritance out of his own property, so that not one of my people will be separated from their property.’”

19 Then the man brought me through the entrance(MW) at the side of the gate to the sacred rooms facing north,(MX) which belonged to the priests, and showed me a place at the western end. 20 He said to me, “This is the place where the priests are to cook the guilt offering and the sin offering[co] and bake the grain offering, to avoid bringing them into the outer court and consecrating(MY) the people.”(MZ)

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 38:2 Or the prince of Rosh,
  2. Ezekiel 38:3 Or Gog, prince of Rosh,
  3. Ezekiel 38:5 That is, the upper Nile region
  4. Ezekiel 38:12 The Hebrew for this phrase means the navel of the earth.
  5. Ezekiel 38:13 Or her strong lions
  6. Ezekiel 39:1 Or Gog, prince of Rosh,
  7. Ezekiel 39:11 Hamon Gog means hordes of Gog.
  8. Ezekiel 39:16 Hamonah means horde.
  9. Ezekiel 39:25 Or now bring Jacob back from captivity
  10. Ezekiel 40:5 That is, about 11 feet or about 3.2 meters; also in verse 12. The long cubit of about 21 inches or about 53 centimeters is the basic unit of measurement of length throughout chapters 40–48.
  11. Ezekiel 40:7 That is, about 8 3/4 feet or about 2.7 meters; also in verse 48
  12. Ezekiel 40:9 Many Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts gateway facing the temple; it was one rod deep. 9 Then he measured the portico of the gateway; it
  13. Ezekiel 40:9 That is, about 14 feet or about 4.2 meters
  14. Ezekiel 40:9 That is, about 3 1/2 feet or about 1 meter
  15. Ezekiel 40:11 That is, about 18 feet wide and 23 feet long or about 5.3 meters wide and 6.9 meters long
  16. Ezekiel 40:13 That is, about 44 feet or about 13 meters; also in verses 21, 25, 29, 30, 33 and 36
  17. Ezekiel 40:14 That is, about 105 feet or about 32 meters
  18. Ezekiel 40:14 Septuagint; Hebrew projecting wall
  19. Ezekiel 40:14 The meaning of the Hebrew for this verse is uncertain.
  20. Ezekiel 40:15 That is, about 88 feet or about 27 meters; also in verses 21, 25, 29, 33 and 36
  21. Ezekiel 40:19 That is, about 175 feet or about 53 meters; also in verses 23, 27 and 47
  22. Ezekiel 40:37 Septuagint (see also verses 31 and 34); Hebrew jambs
  23. Ezekiel 40:39 Or purification offerings
  24. Ezekiel 40:42 That is, about 2 2/3 feet long and wide and 21 inches high or about 80 centimeters long and wide and 53 centimeters high
  25. Ezekiel 40:43 That is, about 3 1/2 inches or about 9 centimeters
  26. Ezekiel 40:44 Septuagint; Hebrew were rooms for singers, which were
  27. Ezekiel 40:44 Septuagint; Hebrew east
  28. Ezekiel 40:48 That is, about 25 feet or about 7.4 meters
  29. Ezekiel 40:48 Septuagint; Hebrew entrance was
  30. Ezekiel 40:48 That is, about 5 1/4 feet or about 1.6 meters
  31. Ezekiel 40:49 That is, about 35 feet or about 11 meters
  32. Ezekiel 40:49 Septuagint; Hebrew eleven
  33. Ezekiel 40:49 That is, about 21 feet or about 6.4 meters
  34. Ezekiel 40:49 Hebrew; Septuagint Ten steps led up to it
  35. Ezekiel 41:1 That is, about 11 feet or about 3.2 meters; also in verses 3, 5 and 8
  36. Ezekiel 41:1 One Hebrew manuscript and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts side, the width of the tent
  37. Ezekiel 41:2 That is, about 18 feet or about 5.3 meters
  38. Ezekiel 41:2 That is, about 8 3/4 feet or about 2.7 meters; also in verses 9, 11 and 12
  39. Ezekiel 41:2 That is, about 70 feet long and 35 feet wide or about 21 meters long and 11 meters wide
  40. Ezekiel 41:3 That is, about 3 1/2 feet or about 1.1 meters; also in verse 22
  41. Ezekiel 41:3 That is, about 12 feet or about 3.7 meters
  42. Ezekiel 41:5 That is, about 7 feet or about 2.1 meters
  43. Ezekiel 41:12 That is, about 123 feet or about 37 meters
  44. Ezekiel 41:12 That is, about 158 feet or about 48 meters
  45. Ezekiel 41:13 That is, about 175 feet or about 53 meters; also in verses 14 and 15
  46. Ezekiel 41:22 That is, about 5 1/4 feet or about 1.5 meters
  47. Ezekiel 41:22 Septuagint; Hebrew long
  48. Ezekiel 41:22 Septuagint; Hebrew length
  49. Ezekiel 42:2 That is, about 175 feet long and 88 feet wide or about 53 meters long and 27 meters wide
  50. Ezekiel 42:3 That is, about 35 feet or about 11 meters
  51. Ezekiel 42:4 Septuagint and Syriac; Hebrew and one cubit
  52. Ezekiel 42:4 That is, about 18 feet wide and 175 feet long or about 5.3 meters wide and 53 meters long
  53. Ezekiel 42:10 Septuagint; Hebrew Eastward
  54. Ezekiel 42:13 Or purification offerings
  55. Ezekiel 42:16 See Septuagint of verse 17; Hebrew rods; also in verses 18 and 19.
  56. Ezekiel 42:16 Five hundred cubits equal about 875 feet or about 265 meters; also in verses 17, 18 and 19.
  57. Ezekiel 42:17 Septuagint; Hebrew rods
  58. Ezekiel 43:3 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Vulgate; most Hebrew manuscripts I
  59. Ezekiel 43:7 Or the memorial monuments; also in verse 9
  60. Ezekiel 43:7 Or their high places
  61. Ezekiel 43:11 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts regulations and its whole design
  62. Ezekiel 43:13 That is, about 21 inches or about 53 centimeters; also in verses 14 and 17. The long cubit is the basic unit for linear measurement throughout Ezekiel 40–48.
  63. Ezekiel 43:13 That is, about 11 inches or about 27 centimeters
  64. Ezekiel 43:14 That is, about 3 1/2 feet high and 1 3/4 feet wide or about 105 centimeters high and 53 centimeters wide
  65. Ezekiel 43:14 That is, about 7 feet high and 1 3/4 feet wide or about 2.1 meters high and 53 centimeters wide
  66. Ezekiel 43:16 That is, about 21 feet or about 6.4 meters
  67. Ezekiel 43:17 That is, about 25 feet or about 7.4 meters
  68. Ezekiel 43:17 That is, about 11 inches or about 27 centimeters
  69. Ezekiel 43:19 Or purification offering; also in verses 21, 22 and 25
  70. Ezekiel 44:27 Or purification offering; also in verse 29
  71. Ezekiel 44:29 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord.
  72. Ezekiel 45:1 That is, about 8 miles or about 13 kilometers; also in verses 3, 5 and 6
  73. Ezekiel 45:1 Septuagint (see also verses 3 and 5 and 48:9); Hebrew 10,000
  74. Ezekiel 45:1 That is, about 6 1/2 miles or about 11 kilometers
  75. Ezekiel 45:2 That is, about 875 feet or about 265 meters
  76. Ezekiel 45:2 That is, about 88 feet or about 27 meters
  77. Ezekiel 45:3 That is, about 3 1/3 miles or about 5.3 kilometers; also in verse 5
  78. Ezekiel 45:5 Septuagint; Hebrew temple; they will have as their possession 20 rooms
  79. Ezekiel 45:6 That is, about 1 2/3 miles or about 2.7 kilometers
  80. Ezekiel 45:10 An ephah was a dry measure having the capacity of about 3/5 bushel or about 22 liters.
  81. Ezekiel 45:10 A bath was a liquid measure equaling about 6 gallons or about 22 liters.
  82. Ezekiel 45:12 A shekel weighed about 2/5 ounce or about 12 grams.
  83. Ezekiel 45:12 That is, 60 shekels; the common mina was 50 shekels. Sixty shekels were about 1 1/2 pounds or about 690 grams.
  84. Ezekiel 45:13 That is, probably about 6 pounds or about 2.7 kilograms
  85. Ezekiel 45:13 That is, probably about 5 pounds or about 2.3 kilograms
  86. Ezekiel 45:14 That is, about 2 1/2 quarts or about 2.2 liters
  87. Ezekiel 45:17 Or purification offerings; also in verses 19, 22, 23 and 25
  88. Ezekiel 45:24 That is, about 1 gallon or about 3.8 liters
  89. Ezekiel 46:5 That is, probably about 35 pounds or about 16 kilograms; also in verses 7 and 11
  90. Ezekiel 46:5 That is, about 1 gallon or about 3.8 liters; also in verses 7 and 11
  91. Ezekiel 46:14 That is, probably about 6 pounds or about 2.7 kilograms
  92. Ezekiel 46:14 That is, about 1 1/2 quarts or about 1.3 liters
  93. Ezekiel 46:20 Or purification offering
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