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13 To the angel who spoke with me, the Lord replied favorably, with comforting words.

Oracular Response. 14 The angel who spoke with me then said to me, Proclaim: Thus says the Lord of hosts:

I am jealous for Jerusalem
    and for Zion[a] intensely jealous.(A)
15 I am consumed with anger
    toward the complacent nations;[b]
When I was only a little angry,
    they compounded the disaster.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 1:14 For Jerusalem and for Zion: rather than the usual order, Zion and Jerusalem, elsewhere in the Bible. The reversal highlights the centrality of Jerusalem, which is mentioned in all three of the brief oracles of 1:14–17.
  2. 1:15 Complacent nations: probably a reference to the Persian empire, which in its imperial extent included many national groups that maintained separate identities. Compounded the disaster: the surrounding nations took advantage of the Lord’s anger against Judah to further their own interests.

13 So the Lord spoke(A) kind and comforting words(B) to the angel who talked with me.(C)

14 Then the angel who was speaking to me said, “Proclaim this word: This is what the Lord Almighty says: ‘I am very jealous(D) for Jerusalem and Zion, 15 and I am very angry with the nations that feel secure.(E) I was only a little angry,(F) but they went too far with the punishment.’(G)

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